The nurse assesses a patient who potentially may have meningitis. The patient demonstrates a positive Brudzinski's sign with which changes in position.

Flexion of the hip causes resistance to extension of the leg.

Flexion of the neck causes flexion of the hips and knees.

Flexion of the ankle causes upward fanning of the toes.

Flexion of the neck causes pain and spasm in the leg muscles.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Flexion of the hip causing resistance to extension of the leg is not a sign of meningitis. It is a sign of hip joint inflammation or injury.

Choice B reason: Flexion of the neck causing flexion of the hips and knees is a positive Brudzinski's sign. It indicates irritation of the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.

Choice C reason: Flexion of the ankle causing upward fanning of the toes is not a sign of meningitis. It is a sign of an upper motor neuron lesion, such as a stroke or spinal cord injury.

Choice D reason: Flexion of the neck causing pain and spasm in the leg muscles is not a sign of meningitis. It is a sign of muscle strain or nerve compression.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:Swaying during a Romberg test indicates a positive result, suggesting proprioceptive deficits or sensory ataxia.

Choice B reason: Unequal pupil response to light relates to cranial nerve function, not balance assessed by the Romberg test.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Patient taking two attempts to touch their nose while their eyes are closed is a mild impairment of coordination, which may be due to neurologic changes or other factors such as fatigue or medication. This is not a significant finding that requires immediate attention.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Patient complaining of mild dizziness is a common symptom of neurologic changes or vestibular dysfunction. It is not a serious finding that requires immediate attention. The nurse should monitor the patient and provide comfort measures.

A. attempt to take over the function of the abnormal white blood cells. B. will help to protect them against infection. C. are larger in size than normal white blood cells and clog the bone marrow. D. are not as effective as normal white cells to protect against infection.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not a correct explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells are abnormal white blood cells that do not function properly. They do not attempt to take over the function of the abnormal white blood cells, but rather crowd out the normal ones.

Choice B reason: This is also not a correct explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells do not help to protect against infection, but rather increase the risk of infection. They impair the immune system's ability to fight off bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.

Choice C reason: This is a partially correct explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells are larger in size than normal white blood cells, and they can clog the bone marrow. This can interfere with the production of other blood cells, such as red blood cells and platelets. However, this is not the only reason for the large number of leukemic white cells.

Choice D reason: This is the best explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells are not as effective as normal white cells to protect against infection, because they are immature and dysfunctional. They do not respond to signals from the immune system, and they do not recognize or destroy foreign invaders. They also prevent the normal white cells from doing their job.

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The nurse assesses a patient who potentially may have meningitis. The patient demonstrates a positive Brudzinski's sign with which changes in position.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse completes a Romberg's test on a patient with neurologic changes. The nurse would notify the provider if they observe which response?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) asks the nurse why their bones are making more white blood cells when they already have so many. The nurse clarifies that the large number of leukemic white cells they have:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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