The nurse assessing the patient diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD) would expect which of the following assessment findings?

Muscle rigidity, flat affect and bradykinesia.

Generalized weakness and fatigue.

Ascending weakness starting in the legs.

Increasing dementia and involuntary movements.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Muscle rigidity, flat affect, and bradykinesia: The hallmark symptoms of PD include:

Muscle rigidity: Stiffness or inflexibility in the muscles, often felt as resistance when the patient’s limbs are moved.

Flat affect: A reduced facial expression or lack of emotional expression, which is common in PD due to the difficulty in controlling facial muscles.

Bradykinesia: Slowness of movement, which makes initiating and completing voluntary movements more difficult. This is a major characteristic of PD.

B. Generalized weakness and fatigue: While weakness and fatigue can occur in PD, they are not considered the primary hallmark symptoms. The primary issues in PD are related to movement abnormalities, including tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Fatigue can be secondary to the motor difficulties.

C. Ascending weakness starting in the legs: This is more characteristic of conditions like Guillain-Barré syndrome or other neurological disorders that cause progressive weakness, rather than PD. In PD, motor symptoms are typically bilateral and affect both sides of the body more symmetrically over time, not starting in the legs.

D. Increasing dementia and involuntary movements: While dementia can occur later in the course of PD, it is not a primary early symptom. Involuntary movements, such as tremors, can be a feature of PD but are not typically described as the same type of "involuntary movements" seen in conditions like Huntington's disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. NSTEMI (Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) refers to a heart attack where there is partial blockage or damage to the heart muscle but less severe than in STEMI (ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction). The damage in NSTEMI typically affects a smaller area of the heart muscle, and it may not involve a full-thickness injury like in STEMI. This response provides the client with a clear, understandable explanation of their condition.

B. This statement is incorrect because NSTEMI is not the same as angina. Angina is chest pain due to temporary lack of blood flow to the heart, while NSTEMI involves actual damage to the heart muscle due to a more significant reduction in blood flow, even if the heart attack is less severe than a STEMI.

C. While NSTEMI is a serious condition, it does not automatically require open heart surgery. Treatment often involves medications (like antiplatelets or anticoagulants) and procedures like angioplasty or stenting to address the blockage, not necessarily surgery.

D. This response is somewhat misleading. Cardiac catheterization may be used to assess the severity and location of the blockage, but it is not always used to directly correct the problem. Procedures such as angioplasty or stent placement may follow the catheterization, but not all patients with NSTEMI will need immediate intervention.

A. The ABG results are pH 7.41. Pa02 93. PaCO2 35, and HCO3 24. B. The client's pulse oximeter reading is 91% with a consistent waveform C. There is no manual resuscitation bag is at the client's bedside. D. The patient is receiving continuous IV sedation at 150 mL/hr. There's currently 100 ml remaining of the infusion.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The ABG results are pH 7.41, PaO2 93, PaCO2 35, and HCO3 24: These ABG values are all within normal ranges:
pH 7.35–7.45 (normal)
PaO2 80–100 mmHg (normal)
PaCO2 35–45 mmHg (normal)
HCO3 22–26 mEq/L (normal)
These results indicate stable respiratory function and do not warrant immediate intervention.
B. The client's pulse oximeter reading is 91% with a consistent waveform: While 91% is slightly lower than the ideal oxygen saturation (usually above 92%–94%), it is still above the critical threshold of 90%. This could be an acceptable level in some patients on a ventilator, particularly if there are no signs of distress or other abnormalities.
C. There is no manual resuscitation bag at the client's bedside: This is a critical situation. A manual resuscitation bag (Ambu bag) is essential for emergency resuscitation if the ventilator fails or if there is an unexpected issue with the patient's airway. Not having a manual resuscitation bag at the bedside is a safety concern that warrants immediate intervention, as it could delay life-saving measures in an emergency.
D. The patient is receiving continuous IV sedation at 150 mL/hr. There's currently 100 mL remaining of the infusion: While it's important to monitor IV sedation infusions, this situation does not immediately warrant intervention. The nurse can track the remaining infusion and ensure there is an adequate supply or order a new infusion if necessary.

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The nurse assessing the patient diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD) would expect which of the following assessment findings?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client tells the nurse, "My physician told me that I had an NSTEMI. I thought all heart attacks were the same. Can you explain this to me?" What would be the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient is on a ventilator. Which situation warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? ABG pH 7.35-7.45 pa02 80-100 mg Hg PC02 35-45 mm Hg PHCO3 22-26meQ/L

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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