A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient who will be taking levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

"I will report any unusual movements or behaviors to my healthcare provider."

"I will take this medication with a high-protein meal for better absorption."

"I may experience nausea and vomiting while taking this medication."

"I will avoid sudden changes in position to prevent dizziness or falls."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Levodopa/carbidopa can cause side effects like dyskinesia (unusual movements) or behavioral changes, and these should be reported to the healthcare provider.

B. Taking levodopa/carbidopa with a high-protein meal can interfere with absorption. Protein can compete with the drug for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing the effectiveness of the medication. It's recommended to take it on an empty stomach or with a low-protein meal to improve absorption.

C. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects when starting levodopa/carbidopa, and it's often managed by taking the medication with food or adjusting the dosage.

D. Levodopa/carbidopa can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or falls. To prevent this, it's important to avoid sudden changes in position and rise slowly from sitting or lying down.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. removes the client's blood and returns high-dose corticosteroids to the patient: Plasmapheresis involves the removal of plasma from the blood, but it does not involve returning high-dose corticosteroids. It removes harmful substances (such as autoantibodies) from the plasma that contribute to disease symptoms, but it does not involve corticosteroid therapy directly.

B. removes the autoantibodies responsible for Myasthenia Gravis: In Myasthenia Gravis (MG), autoantibodies attack the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness. Plasmapheresis is used to remove these autoantibodies from the bloodstream, helping to temporarily improve symptoms by reducing the immune system’s attack on the body’s own tissues.

C. treats the thymus gland dysfunction responsible for Myasthenia Gravis: Plasmapheresis does not directly treat the thymus gland. In some cases, thymectomy (removal of the thymus gland) may be indicated for MG, but plasmapheresis specifically addresses the immune response, not the thymus.

D. assists in the immune suppression along with corticosteroids: While plasmapheresis can temporarily reduce the autoimmune response, it does not function as a form of immune suppression like corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are immunosuppressive medications, but plasmapheresis itself is a physical process that removes harmful autoantibodies from the blood

A. 7.47 pC02 30 PHCO3 24 p02 98 B. pH 7.31 p C02 52 pH PHCO3 30 p02 85 C. pH 7.29 p C02 57 pHCO3 25 p02 78 D. pH 7.37 p C02 61 pHCO3 33 p 02 71

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. pH 7.47, pCO2 30, HCO3 24, pO2 98

pH is alkaline (7.47), and the pCO2 is low (30), indicating respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis. This is not the correct answer.

B. pH 7.31, pCO2 52, HCO3 30, pO2 85

pH is low (7.31), indicating acidosis.

pCO2 is elevated (52), indicating respiratory acidosis.

HCO3 is elevated (30), indicating that the kidneys are attempting to compensate by retaining bicarbonate.

This fits the criteria for respiratory acidosis with partial compensation.

C. pH 7.29, pCO2 57, HCO3 25, pO2 78

pH is low (7.29), indicating acidosis.

pCO2 is elevated (57), suggesting respiratory acidosis.

HCO3 is normal (25), so there is no compensation yet.

This indicates uncompensated respiratory acidosis, not partial compensation.

D. pH 7.37, pCO2 61, HCO3 33, pO2 71

pH is normal (7.37), which does not indicate acidosis.

pCO2 is elevated (61), indicating respiratory acidosis.

HCO3 is elevated (33), indicating that the kidneys are compensating.

However, since the pH is normal, this likely indicates full compensation rather than partial compensation.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient who will be taking levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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