A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient who will be taking levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
"I will report any unusual movements or behaviors to my healthcare provider."
"I will take this medication with a high-protein meal for better absorption."
"I may experience nausea and vomiting while taking this medication."
"I will avoid sudden changes in position to prevent dizziness or falls."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Levodopa/carbidopa can cause side effects like dyskinesia (unusual movements) or behavioral changes, and these should be reported to the healthcare provider.
B. Taking levodopa/carbidopa with a high-protein meal can interfere with absorption. Protein can compete with the drug for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing the effectiveness of the medication. It's recommended to take it on an empty stomach or with a low-protein meal to improve absorption.
C. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects when starting levodopa/carbidopa, and it's often managed by taking the medication with food or adjusting the dosage.
D. Levodopa/carbidopa can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or falls. To prevent this, it's important to avoid sudden changes in position and rise slowly from sitting or lying down.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Ondansetron (Zofran) and metoclopramide (Reglan): These medications are used to treat nausea and vomiting, often related to gastrointestinal issues or as side effects of other treatments. They are not indicated for the treatment of Huntington's Disease (HD), which primarily involves movement and psychiatric symptoms.
B. Haloperidol (Haldol) and chlorpromazine (Thorazine): These are antipsychotic medications that can be used to treat the psychiatric symptoms of Huntington's Disease (such as agitation, psychosis, and chorea). However, they are older, first-generation antipsychotics and are associated with more severe side effects, such as extrapyramidal symptoms. While they can still be used, they are generally less favored due to these side effects.
C. Risperidone (Risperdal) and quetiapine (Seroquel): These are atypical antipsychotic medications, which are often preferred for managing psychiatric symptoms (e.g., psychosis, aggression, mood disturbances) in Huntington's Disease. These medications have a lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms compared to first-generation antipsychotics, making them a better choice for patients in the later stages of HD.
D. Riluzole (Rilutek) and baclofen (Lioresal): Riluzole is used in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), not Huntington's Disease. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant that can be used to manage spasticity, but it is not a primary treatment for HD. The focus for HD treatment would be more on managing movement disorders and psychiatric symptoms, rather than spasticity.
Correct Answer is ["B"]
Explanation
A. Increasing blood viscosity is not a goal in the care of a patient with acute myocardial infarction (MI). In fact, reducing blood viscosity by using anticoagulants or antiplatelets is typically part of the treatment to prevent clot formation.
B. Preventing complications, such as arrhythmias, heart failure, or recurrent infarction, is a key goal in the care of a patient after an acute MI.
C. Relieving chest pain is a priority goal in MI care, as it improves the patient's comfort and helps in reducing myocardial oxygen demand.
D. Increasing cardiac workload can worsen myocardial ischemia and damage. The goal is to reduce workload, not increase it, by using medications like beta-blockers and nitrates to decrease heart rate and blood pressure.
E.Reducing myocardial damage is essential, often achieved through interventions such as thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), and medications to restore blood flow and limit infarction size.
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