The nurse begins a client's musculoskeletal assessment. While using the technique of inspection, the nurse assesses for which possible findings? Select all that apply.
Osteopenia.
Contracture.
Atrophy.
Kyphosis.
Crepitus.
Correct Answer : B,C,D
A. Osteopenia refers to decreased bone density, which is often noted on X-ray or bone mineral density tests rather than through direct visual inspection. However, the nurse may observe signs of frailty or changes in posture that could suggest underlying osteopenia.
B. Contractures, which are abnormal shortening of muscles or tendons leading to limited joint mobility, are often detectable through inspection. The nurse may observe deformities or restricted movement in the joints, especially in patients with neurological or musculoskeletal disorders.
C. Muscle atrophy, or the wasting away of muscle tissue, can be observed during inspection. The nurse may note reduced muscle bulk or asymmetry in muscle size, which is a sign of muscle wasting.
D. Kyphosis, an abnormal curvature of the spine resulting in a hunchback appearance, can be easily observed during inspection of the client’s posture. This condition is common in older adults and may indicate musculoskeletal or age-related changes.
E. Crepitus refers to the grinding or popping sounds felt or heard when moving joints. While crepitus is assessed by palpation or auscultation rather than visual inspection, the nurse may note joint deformities that suggest the presence of crepitus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A Tinetti balance score of 12 and a gait score of 8 are indicative of an increased risk for falls. A total score below 19 suggests significant fall risk and a need for interventions to prevent injury.
B. While the results may reflect some age-related changes, they are lower than expected for a healthy older adult without significant mobility issues.
C. The results suggest an increased risk for falls but do not automatically indicate a need for a walker. Further assessment of functional capacity is needed.
D. The results do not specifically indicate Parkinson's disease, although balance and gait issues may be present in such conditions. Parkinson’s diagnosis would require additional motor and neurological assessments.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Osteopenia refers to decreased bone density, which is often noted on X-ray or bone mineral density tests rather than through direct visual inspection. However, the nurse may observe signs of frailty or changes in posture that could suggest underlying osteopenia.
B. Contractures, which are abnormal shortening of muscles or tendons leading to limited joint mobility, are often detectable through inspection. The nurse may observe deformities or restricted movement in the joints, especially in patients with neurological or musculoskeletal disorders.
C. Muscle atrophy, or the wasting away of muscle tissue, can be observed during inspection. The nurse may note reduced muscle bulk or asymmetry in muscle size, which is a sign of muscle wasting.
D. Kyphosis, an abnormal curvature of the spine resulting in a hunchback appearance, can be easily observed during inspection of the client’s posture. This condition is common in older adults and may indicate musculoskeletal or age-related changes.
E. Crepitus refers to the grinding or popping sounds felt or heard when moving joints. While crepitus is assessed by palpation or auscultation rather than visual inspection, the nurse may note joint deformities that suggest the presence of crepitus.
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