When assessing an older adult client, which finding is most indicative of dehydration?

Tenting noted in subclavicular area.

Loss of skin elasticity in the hand.

Skin is warm and dry.

Thinning hair in the lower extremities.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Skin tenting is a sign of dehydration. It occurs when the skin, after being pinched, does not quickly return to its normal position. This is often seen in areas with loose skin such as the subclavicular region.
B.   Loss of skin elasticity is a normal aging process and not specifically indicative of dehydration. It can be seen in older adults regardless of hydration status.
C.   Warm and dry skin can be a sign of dehydration. Dehydration leads to reduced sweating, which can result in dry skin, and it may also increase the body temperature, making the skin feel warm.
D.   Thinning hair, especially in the lower extremities, is typically associated with circulatory issues or aging. It is not a direct sign of dehydration.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A history of a fractured patella could potentially cause crepitation if there were long-term damage or improper healing. However, it is more likely that crepitation is related to degenerative changes, such as osteoarthritis.
B. Needle aspiration of the synovial space may have been performed to relieve fluid buildup or inflammation, but it would not directly explain the crepitation in the joint. Crepitation is more commonly seen in conditions that affect cartilage or joint surfaces.
C. Crepitation following knee arthroplasty is possible if there are complications, but it is more likely due to arthritis or degenerative joint disease if the patient has not undergone surgery. Arthroplasty would usually be associated with reduced crepitation.
D. Degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis, are the most likely cause of crepitation. As the cartilage wears away, the bone surfaces rub together, causing the characteristic crunching or grating sound when the joint is moved.

A. Vaginal discharge, presence of genital warts, abdominal tenderness. B. Breast tenderness, tremors, high blood pressure. C. Body weight, hirsutism, thyroid enlargement. D. Urinary frequency, unsteady gait, dental enamel erosion.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While vaginal discharge, genital warts, and abdominal tenderness may indicate other concerns, they are not as directly related to menstrual irregularity without further investigation.
B. Breast tenderness, tremors, and high blood pressure are less likely to be connected to missed periods in this context.
C. Body weight changes, hirsutism, and thyroid enlargement could indicate thyroid dysfunction, such as hypothyroidism or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), both of which can cause irregular periods.
D. Urinary frequency, unsteady gait, and dental erosion are more indicative of a metabolic or neurological issue, which is less likely to explain missed periods.

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When assessing an older adult client, which finding is most indicative of dehydration?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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