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The nurse determines that a male client has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 20 years. In calculating his smoking history, how many pack-years should be documented for this client? (Enter numeric value only.)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["40"]

Number of packs smoked per day: 2

Number of years the client has smoked at this rate: 20 years

Calculate the pack-years

Pack-years = (Number of packs smoked per day) x (Number of years smoked)

= 2 packs/day x 20 years

= 40

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Hematocrit: Hematocrit measures the proportion of red blood cells in the blood and helps assess for anemia or dehydration, but it does not directly reflect short-term changes in nutritional status or protein stores.

B. Serum calcium: Serum calcium levels assess electrolyte balance and bone health but are not specific indicators of overall nutritional status. Calcium levels can be maintained even when nutritional intake is poor.

C. Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin evaluates oxygen-carrying capacity and can suggest anemia, which may indirectly reflect poor nutrition, but it is not as sensitive a marker for acute or current nutritional status as prealbumin.

D. Serum prealbumin: Serum prealbumin is a sensitive marker of recent nutritional intake and protein status, reflecting short-term changes in nutrition. It is the most important laboratory value to assess when evaluating a client for malnutrition, especially in the setting of appetite loss and generalized malaise.

A. Excess vellus hair. B. Receding front hairline. C. Fine, thin, limp texture. D. Coarse, dry, brittle texture.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Excess vellus hair: Vellus hair is fine, short, unpigmented hair that covers most of the body. It is not related to hair dye use and would not be a typical finding when assessing the scalp hair of someone who frequently dyes their hair.

B. Receding front hairline: A receding hairline is usually related to hormonal changes, aging, or genetic predisposition rather than the direct effects of frequent hair dyeing. Hair dye may damage hair texture, but it does not typically cause patterned hair loss at the hairline.

C. Fine, thin, limp texture: Fine and limp hair is often linked to factors like genetics, aging, or nutritional deficiencies. While hair dye can weaken hair, the more expected result from repeated chemical exposure is a coarse, dry, and brittle texture rather than a limp appearance.

D. Coarse, dry, brittle texture: Frequent chemical dyeing damages the hair cuticle, leading to dryness, roughness, and increased fragility. Palpating the client's scalp would likely reveal hair that feels coarse and brittle, consistent with the effects of long-term chemical processing.

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The nurse determines that a male client has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 20 years. In calculating his smoking history, how many pack-years should be documented for this client? (Enter numeric value only.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult client is admitted to the medical unit because of a loss of appetite and generalized malaise. To analyze the client's general nutritional status, which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to review?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The nurse determines that a male client has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 20 years. In calculating his smoking history, how many pack-years should be documented for this client? (Enter numeric value only.)

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