The nurse does not turn a client every two hours as ordered, and the client develops a pressure injury.
What legal concept applies?

Breach of duty.

Criminality.

Scope of practice.

False imprisonment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This is because the nurse had a legal obligation to turn the client every two hours as ordered, and by failing to do so, they did not exercise reasonable care that could foreseeably prevent harm to the client. This is an example of negligence, which requires four elements: duty, breach, injury and causation.

Choice B is wrong because criminality refers to the violation of criminal laws, such as theft or assault, which are not applicable in this case.

Choice C is wrong because scope of practice refers to the range of activities that a health care professional is authorized to perform based on their education, training and certification.

The nurse’s failure to turn the client does not relate to their scope of practice. Choice D is wrong because false imprisonment refers to the unlawful restraint of a person’s freedom of movement, such as locking them in a room or restraining them against their will.

The nurse’s failure to turn the client does not involve any such restraint.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with chronic bronchitis is expected to have a cough that produces sputum for at least 3 months during two successive years. This is due to the hyperplasia of mucous glands and bronchial wall inflammation that occur in chronic bronchitis.

Choice A is wrong because SpO2 >92% is not a specific finding for chronic bronchitis.

SpO2 is a measure of oxygen saturation in the blood and can vary depending on many factors, such as altitude, smoking, and lung diseases. SpO2 may be lower than normal in COPD patients due to airflow obstruction and impaired gas exchange.

Choice B is wrong because underweight is not a typical finding for chronic bronchitis.

Underweight may be more associated with emphysema, which is another component of COPD that involves the destruction of alveolar walls and enlargement of air spaces. Emphysema can cause weight loss due to increased work of breathing and decreased appetite.

Choice C is wrong because bradypnea is not a common finding for chronic bronchitis.

Bradypnea is abnormally slow breathing rate and can be caused by various conditions, such as brain injury, drug overdose, or sleep apnea. Chronic bronchitis usually causes tachypnea, which is abnormally fast breathing rate, due to hypoxia and hypercapnia.

A. Encouraging the client to verbalize questions or concerns. B. Telling the client that refusal of the medication is considered noncompliance. C. Informing the client that the medication is the same as taken at home. D. Insisting the client takes the prescribed medications.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This demonstrates advocacy for client rights because it respects the client’s autonomy, dignity, and preferences. It also helps the client to make informed decisions about their own health.

Choice B is wrong because telling the client that refusal of the medication is considered noncompliance is coercive and violates the client’s right to refuse treatment.

It also does not address the client’s reasons for refusing the medication or provide any information or education.

Choice C is wrong because informing the client that the medication is the same as taken at home is not enough to ensure that the client understands the purpose, benefits, and risks of the medication.

It also does not verify that the client is taking the medication correctly at home or that there are no changes in the dosage or frequency.

Choice D is wrong because insisting the client takes the prescribed medications is also coercive and violates the client’s right to refuse treatment.

It also does not respect the client’s autonomy, dignity, and preferences.

It may also cause harm to the client if they have an allergy, intolerance, or contraindication to the medication.

Advocacy for nursing stems from a philosophy of nursing in which nursing practice is the support of an individual to promote his or her own well-being, as understood by that individual. It is an ethic of practice that requires nurses to protect and uphold their patients’ rights, values, and interests.

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The nurse does not turn a client every two hours as ordered, and the client develops a pressure injury. What legal concept applies?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is admitted with an exacerbation of COPD. He has a long history of chronic bronchitis. What physical finding does the nurse expect in a client with chronic bronchitis?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates advocacy for client rights?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse does not turn a client every two hours as ordered, and the client develops a pressure injury.
What legal concept applies?