The nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client with multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The client lost consciousness. has an open fracture of the left tibia, and active bleeding at the fracture site. What is the priority nursing action?
Prepare for immediate surgery to repair the open fracture
Assess for pulses in the upper and lower extremities
Place a sterile pressure dressing on the open fracture
Maintain C-spine immobilization
The Correct Answer is D
A. Prepare for immediate surgery to repair the open fracture
Surgery may be necessary, but it is not the immediate priority. The focus should be on stabilizing the client and preventing further injury.
B. Assess for pulses in the upper and lower extremities
Assessing circulation is important but is not the most immediate life-saving intervention. First, the client must be stabilized and bleeding controlled.
C. Place a sterile pressure dressing on the open fracture
While controlling bleeding is important, spinal immobilization takes precedence in trauma cases to prevent potential spinal cord injury.
D. Maintain C-spine immobilization
In a trauma patient with loss of consciousness, cervical spine injury must be assumed. Immobilization prevents further damage while other interventions are performed.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 63% TBSA
This value is too high based on the Rule of Nines calculation.
B. 45% TBSA
This overestimates the burn area.
C. 36% TBSA
Using the Rule of Nines, the TBSA is calculated as follows:
- Entire right arm (anterior + posterior): 9%
- Posterior trunk: 18%
- Posterior right leg: 9%
- Total TBSA = 9% + 18% + 9% = 36%
D. 27% TBSA
This underestimates the affected areas.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Epinephrine 1 mg IV
Epinephrine is used for severe anaphylaxis. This reaction is more consistent with a mild allergic (febrile) transfusion reaction, which does not require epinephrine.
B. Acetaminophen 650 mg PO
Acetaminophen is used for febrile reactions but does not treat the allergic symptoms (itching, urticaria).
C. Diphenhydramine 50 mg IV
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is given to treat mild allergic transfusion reactions such as flushing, itching, and urticaria.
D. Furosemide 40 mg PO
Furosemide (Lasix) is given between blood transfusions to prevent fluid overload, not for allergic reactions.
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