The nurse is about to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a patient with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this class of medication?

It reduces the amount of HCl secreted by the parietal cells in the stomach.

It destroys the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach.

It neutralizes hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach.

It inhibits the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Histamine H2-receptor antagonists, also known as H2 blockers, are medications that help reduce the production of gastric acid. They achieve this by blocking H2 receptors in the parietal cells of the stomach, which are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl)12. This reduction in acid secretion can help treat conditions such as peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which are all conditions that can be exacerbated by excessive stomach acid.
Choice B rationale
While H2 blockers do help manage the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease, they do not directly destroy the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach. The primary cause of peptic ulcers is a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori, and the treatment for an H. pylori infection typically involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, not H2 blockers.
Choice C rationale
H2 blockers do not neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. Instead, they work by reducing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. Antacids, not H2 blockers, are the class of drugs that work by neutralizing stomach acid.
Choice D rationale
H2 blockers do not inhibit the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings. Anticholinergic medications are the ones that work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that transmits signals in the nervous system.

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Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"C,B"},"C":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Chronic alcoholism is often associated with both Vitamin B12 and Folic acid deficiency anemia. Alcohol interferes with the absorption of these vitamins in the gut, leading to their deficiency.

Choice B rationale

Malabsorption syndrome can lead to Iron deficiency anemia, Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, and Folic acid deficiency anemia. In malabsorption syndrome, the small intestine can’t absorb enough of certain nutrients and fluids.

Choice C rationale

Dietary deficiency can result in Iron deficiency anemia, Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, and Folic acid deficiency anemia. These types of anemia can occur when the body doesn’t have enough of the vitamins needed to produce enough healthy red blood cells.

A. Ask if the client is experiencing any pain with urination. B. Encourage increased intake of high protein foods. C. Review the client’s current food and medication allergies. D. Determine if the client has recently experienced a fall. E. Provide instruction on taking the client’s temperature.

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Sudden onset of confusion in an older adult could be a sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs can cause delirium and behavioral changes in older adults. Therefore, asking if the client is experiencing any pain with urination could help identify a potential UTI.
Choice B rationale
While high protein foods are generally beneficial for health, there is no direct link between increased intake of high protein foods and sudden onset of confusion. Therefore, this option is not the most appropriate action in this situation.
Choice C rationale
Reviewing the client’s current food and medication allergies is always important in healthcare settings. However, it may not directly address the sudden onset of confusion unless the client has had a recent change in diet or medication that could have triggered an allergic reaction leading to confusion.
Choice D rationale
A recent fall could potentially cause a sudden change in mental status due to a head injury or other trauma. Therefore, determining if the client has recently experienced a fall is an appropriate action.
Choice E rationale
Fever can cause confusion, especially in older adults. Therefore, providing instruction on taking the client’s temperature can help the caregiver monitor for signs of infection that could be contributing to the client’s confusion.

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The nurse is about to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a patient with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this class of medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"C,B"},"C":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

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