The nurse is about to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a patient with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this class of medication?

It reduces the amount of HCl secreted by the parietal cells in the stomach.

It destroys the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach.

It neutralizes hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach.

It inhibits the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Histamine H2-receptor antagonists, also known as H2 blockers, are medications that help reduce the production of gastric acid. They achieve this by blocking H2 receptors in the parietal cells of the stomach, which are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl)12. This reduction in acid secretion can help treat conditions such as peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which are all conditions that can be exacerbated by excessive stomach acid.
Choice B rationale
While H2 blockers do help manage the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease, they do not directly destroy the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach. The primary cause of peptic ulcers is a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori, and the treatment for an H. pylori infection typically involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, not H2 blockers.
Choice C rationale
H2 blockers do not neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. Instead, they work by reducing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. Antacids, not H2 blockers, are the class of drugs that work by neutralizing stomach acid.
Choice D rationale
H2 blockers do not inhibit the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings. Anticholinergic medications are the ones that work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that transmits signals in the nervous system.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While any positive response on the CAGE questionnaire could be a cause for concern and warrant further investigation, one positive response does not definitively indicate that the patient should seek help with alcohol addiction. The CAGE questionnaire is a screening tool used to identify potential problems with alcohol, but it is not diagnostic. A healthcare provider would need to conduct a more thorough assessment to diagnose alcohol addiction.
Choice B rationale
It is not necessary for all responses to the CAGE questionnaire to be positive in order to suggest alcohol dependence. The CAGE questionnaire is a screening tool, and while a greater number of positive responses increases the likelihood of alcohol dependence, it is not a requirement for all responses to be positive. A score of two or more is considered clinically significant.

Choice C rationale
The CAGE questionnaire is indeed a tool used to identify potential problems with alcohol, but it is not used to identify general substance abuse. The CAGE questionnaire specifically asks about feelings related to alcohol use. There are other screening tools available that are designed to identify issues with other substances.
Choice D rationale
This is the correct answer. The CAGE questionnaire is a validated screening tool that is widely used in clinical settings to detect alcoholism. It is considered positive, and suggestive of alcohol dependence, if two or more questions are answered affirmatively.

A. Pay close attention to the client’s account of the event. B. Report the incident to the university’s security department. C. Prevent the client from showering until all evidence is collected. D. Ascertain the client’s personal reaction to the reported rape.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Paying close attention to the client’s account of the event is important, but it is not the most crucial intervention. The nurse should listen empathetically and nonjudgmentally to the client’s account, but this should not take precedence over ensuring the client’s physical well- being and preserving evidence.
Choice B rationale

Reporting the incident to the university’s security department is not the most crucial intervention. While it is important to report the incident to the appropriate authorities, the nurse’s primary responsibility is to the client. Ensuring the client’s physical well-being and preserving evidence should take precedence.
Choice C rationale
Preventing the client from showering until all evidence is collected is the most crucial intervention. Showering can destroy valuable physical evidence that can be used in the investigation and prosecution of the crime.
Choice D rationale
Ascertaining the client’s personal reaction to the reported rape is important, but it is not the most crucial intervention. The nurse should provide emotional support and refer the client to counseling services, but this should not take precedence over ensuring the client’s physical well-being and preserving evidence.

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The nurse is about to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a patient with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this class of medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The patient provides three positive responses to items on the CAGE (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener) query. What interpretation should the nurse provide to the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse in the emergency department is collecting evidence for a rape kit from a woman who reports that she was raped while returning to her dormitory from the university library. Which intervention is most crucial for the nurse to implement?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receives a prescription for chest physiotherapy (CPT) to help mobilize secretions. Following the therapy, which finding indicates to the nurse that the intervention was effective?

A patient with neuroleptic malignant syndrome has been prescribed dantrolene 1.5 mg/kg IV. The patient weighs 132 pounds. The label on the 250 mg vial reads, “Reconstitute with 5 mL sterile water for injection, USP. Reconstitution yields 50 mg/mL.”. How many mL should the nurse administer?

A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the left leg is on a heparin protocol. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client’s plan of care?

A caregiver brings a client with end-stage Alzheimer’s disease to the clinic for an appointment with the healthcare provider. The caregiver confides in the nurse about experiencing sleepless nights and frequent bouts of crying. What action should the nurse take?

The nurse instructs an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to turn an immobilized older client with an indwelling urinary catheter every two hours. Which additional action should the nurse instruct the UAP to take each time the client is turned?