The nurse is assessing a 1-day post-operative client and discovers fine crackles at the bases of the right lung on inspiration. What does the nurse suspect is the cause of the adventitious lung sounds in the right lung?

Asthma

Pneumothorax

Atelectasis

Emphysema

Bronchitis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Asthma typically presents with wheezing, not fine crackles.
B. Pneumothorax usually presents with decreased or absent breath sounds rather than crackles.
C. Atelectasis, which is common after surgery, can cause fine crackles at the lung bases due to collapsed alveoli reopening during inspiration.
D. Emphysema generally results in diminished breath sounds and hyper-resonance rather than crackles.
E. Bronchitis typically produces coarse crackles or rhonchi, not fine crackles.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This option incorrectly includes the aortic valve rather than the tricuspid valve in the S1 heart sound.
B. S1 represents the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves, which occurs at the beginning of ventricular systole and produces the "lub" sound.
C. The pulmonic valve closure is associated with the S2 heart sound, not S1.
D. The closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves occurs in S2, not S1.
E. This combination is incorrect, as S1 is associated with mitral and tricuspid valve closure.

A. a sign of congestive heart failure B. a normal finding in a healthy adult. C. seen in patients with kyphosis. D. indicative of a pneumothorax. E. an expected finding in a patient with a barrel chest.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. CVA tenderness is associated with renal issues, not directly with congestive heart failure.
B. A CVA angle of 160 degrees is abnormal; a normal angle is closer to 90 degrees, indicating potential issues.
C. A greater CVA angle can be observed in patients with kyphosis, where the spine curves excessively, affecting rib positioning.
D. A pneumothorax typically results in reduced breath sounds and tracheal deviation, not specifically linked to CVA angle changes.
E. A barrel chest results in an increased AP diameter, not typically associated with CVA angle changes.

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The nurse is assessing a 1-day post-operative client and discovers fine crackles at the bases of the right lung on inspiration. What does the nurse suspect is the cause of the adventitious lung sounds in the right lung?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is asked to describe what the heart sound S1 represents. What would be the correct response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When performing a respiratory assessment on a patient, the nurse notices a costal vertebral angle (CVA) of approximately 160 degrees. How would finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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