The nurse is assessing a client recently diagnosed with terminal lung cancer who states, "This can't be happening to me. Maybe the doctor made a mistake." Which stage of death and dying is the client exhibiting?

Bargaining

Depression

Anger

Denial

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Bargaining: This stage involves attempting to negotiate or make deals, often with a higher power, in hopes of delaying or reversing the outcome. The client’s statement does not reflect this behavior.

B. Depression: This is a deeper emotional stage where the person begins to feel the true weight of their diagnosis. It may involve withdrawal, sadness, or hopelessness—not disbelief.

C. Anger: Anger manifests as frustration or resentment towards others or the situation. The client is not showing anger but rather disbelief.

D. Denial: Denial is the initial stage of grief where the client refuses to accept the reality of the diagnosis, often expressing disbelief or shock as a coping mechanism to protect themselves emotionally.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Granulation tissue forming at the bottom of the wound: This is typical of healing by secondary intention, where the wound is left open to heal from the base upward through granulation tissue formation and contraction.

B. Wound is contaminated at the time of injury: Contamination increases the risk of infection and usually results in delayed healing or healing by secondary intention, requiring more extensive wound care.

C. Skin edges of the wound are sutured closed: Healing by first intention occurs when wound edges are closely approximated, such as with sutures or staples, allowing faster healing with minimal scarring and reduced infection risk.

D. Healing of the wound is prolonged: First intention wounds typically heal faster than wounds healing by secondary intention because there is less tissue loss, inflammation, and risk of complications like infection.

A. optic function B. cardiac function C. auditory function D. skeletal function

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Optic function: While potassium plays a role in cellular processes, including those in the eyes, its primary effects are felt in areas like the cardiovascular system. The optic nerve and visual processing are not influenced by potassium levels.

B. Cardiac function: Potassium is crucial for maintaining normal cardiac function. It helps regulate the electrical activity of the heart, and its imbalance can lead to arrhythmias, which can be life-threatening. Hypokalemia can cause disturbances in the heart’s rhythm, making it the most critical aspect to address.

C. Auditory function: Potassium levels do not affect auditory function. Potassium is involved in bodily functions, including maintaining the electrochemical gradients necessary for nerve and muscle activity, but it does not have a role in hearing or auditory processes.

D. Skeletal function: Potassium is important for muscle function, including skeletal muscles. Potassium’s role in muscle contraction extends to both skeletal and smooth muscles, but its impact on the heart’s electrical system makes cardiac function the priority.

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The nurse is assessing a client recently diagnosed with terminal lung cancer who states, "This can't be happening to me. Maybe the doctor made a mistake." Which stage of death and dying is the client exhibiting?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has a wound that is healing by first intention. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is educating a client with hypokalemia on why it is important to maintain potassium balance. Which does the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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