The nurse is assessing a patient taking lactulose to treat chronic constipation. Which adverse effect should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider?
Abdominal tenderness
Abdominal spasms
Nausea
Flatulence
The Correct Answer is A
A. Abdominal tenderness: This can indicate serious complications, such as bowel obstruction or perforation, and must be reported immediately.
B. Abdominal spasms: This is a common side effect of lactulose due to increased bowel motility but is not immediately concerning unless severe.
C. Nausea: A mild, common side effect of lactulose that usually resolves with continued use.
D. Flatulence: A common, benign side effect caused by fermentation of lactulose in the colon.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Mucositis: This refers to painful inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes, often without plaques.
B. Canker sores: These are small, shallow ulcers with a yellowish center and red border, not white plaques.
C. Thrush: Thrush is an oral fungal infection (caused by Candida albicans) characterized by white, milk-curd-like plaques on the mucosa.
D. Cold sores: Cold sores are caused by herpes simplex virus and appear as blisters, not white plaques.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Caries: While xerostomia can increase the risk of dental caries, saliva substitutes are not a direct treatment for cavities.
B. Xerostomia: This condition is directly treated with saliva substitutes to provide moisture and lubrication.
C. Halitosis: Saliva substitutes may indirectly help with bad breath but are not a direct treatment.
D. Mucositis: This involves inflammation of the mucous membranes, typically managed with pain relief and protective agents, not saliva substitutes.
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