The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is demonstrating signs of pain. Which technique will the nurse use to best assess pain in this child?

Use the FACES scale.

Check to see what previous nurses have charted.

Have the child rate the level of pain on a 0 to 10 pain scale.

Ask the parents if they think their child is in pain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: The FACES scale, using facial expressions, is validated for children aged 4, allowing them to express pain nonverbally when verbal skills are limited. It’s reliable, age-appropriate, and ensures accurate pain assessment, guiding interventions like analgesics to alleviate discomfort, critical for pediatric care and improving child comfort and recovery.

Choice B reason: Checking previous charting provides historical context but doesn’t assess current pain in a 4-year-old, whose pain fluctuates. Direct assessment with tools like the FACES scale is needed for accuracy. Relying on records risks missing present pain, delaying interventions and potentially prolonging discomfort in a young child.

Choice C reason: A 0 to 10 pain scale is too abstract for a 4-year-old, who lacks the cognitive ability to quantify pain numerically. The FACES scale better suits their developmental stage. Using this scale risks inaccurate assessment, leading to under- or overtreatment, compromising pain management in pediatric patients.

Choice D reason: Asking parents about the child’s pain relies on subjective interpretation, not the child’s direct experience. The FACES scale allows the child to communicate pain themselves, ensuring accuracy. Parental input may supplement but not replace child-focused assessment, risking misjudgment of pain severity and delaying appropriate interventions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Non-Hispanic Blacks are projected to grow, but their growth rate is slower than Hispanics due to lower birth rates and immigration patterns. By 2060, they will remain a significant group, but demographic data indicate they will not outpace Hispanics, making this incorrect for the fastest-growing ethnic group.

Choice B reason: Multiracial individuals are increasing due to intermarriage, but their growth rate is lower than Hispanics. Projections show they will form a smaller population share by 2060 compared to Hispanics, driven by high birth rates and immigration. This choice is incorrect, as it underestimates Hispanic growth trends.

Choice C reason: Asians are a fast-growing group due to immigration, but their growth rate is surpassed by Hispanics, who benefit from both immigration and higher fertility rates. By 2060, Asians will increase significantly, but demographic forecasts confirm Hispanics as the fastest-growing group, making this choice incorrect.

Choice D reason: Hispanics are projected to be the fastest-growing racial/ethnic group by 2060, driven by high birth rates, immigration, and a younger population. Census projections estimate they will account for nearly 30% of the US population, surpassing other groups in growth rate due to demographic trends, making this the correct choice.

A. Choices: B. Cultural knowledge C. Cultural encounters D. Cultural skills E. Cultural desire F. Cultural transition

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Cultural knowledge involves understanding diverse cultural beliefs, values, and practices, a core component of Campinha-Bacote’s model. This knowledge enables the nurse to provide informed, sensitive care, reducing misunderstandings and improving outcomes, making it a critical focus for achieving cultural competency.

Choice B reason: Cultural encounters involve direct interactions with diverse patients, fostering experiential learning and reducing stereotypes. In Campinha-Bacote’s model, these encounters build confidence in cross-cultural care, making it an essential area for the nurse to develop competency through real-world application.

Choice C reason: Cultural skills include the ability to assess and communicate effectively with diverse patients, a key element of Campinha-Bacote’s model. Skills like culturally sensitive interviewing ensure tailored care, making this a vital focus for the nurse to achieve competency in delivering equitable healthcare.

Choice D reason: Cultural desire reflects the nurse’s genuine motivation to engage in culturally competent care, a foundational aspect of Campinha-Bacote’s model. This intrinsic drive fuels learning and practice, making it a critical area for the nurse to cultivate to achieve and sustain cultural competency.

Choice E reason: Cultural transition is not part of Campinha-Bacote’s model, which includes knowledge, encounters, skills, desire, and awareness. This term is unrelated to the framework’s components, making it an incorrect focus for the nurse aiming to achieve cultural competency.

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The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is demonstrating signs of pain. Which technique will the nurse use to best assess pain in this child?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is discussing the changing demographics of the US population. What is expected to be the fastest growing racial/ethnic group by 2060?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is using Campinha-Bacote’s model of cultural competency. Which areas will the nurse focus on to become competent? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

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