The nurse is caring for a client admitted with acute diverticulitis. Which would the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider ordering for this client?

Albumin and furosemide

A high fiber diet with increased fluid intake

Maintain NPO and IV fluids

Obtain a consent for a barium enema

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Albumin and furosemide treat fluid shifts or edema, not acute diverticulitis, which requires bowel rest, not volume or protein correction initially.

Choice B reason: High fiber aids chronic diverticulosis, but in acute diverticulitis, it worsens inflammation; rest, not fiber, is needed during active infection.

Choice C reason: NPO and IV fluids rest the bowel, reducing inflammation and perforation risk in acute diverticulitis, while maintaining hydration, the standard approach.

Choice D reason: Barium enema risks perforation in acute diverticulitis due to inflamed diverticula; it’s contraindicated until inflammation subsides, not ordered acutely.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Donepezil treats Alzheimer’s by inhibiting cholinesterase, boosting acetylcholine for cognition. Lupus, an autoimmune disease, doesn’t involve dementia primarily, so this drug lacks relevance to its management.

Choice B reason: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, suppresses inflammation and immune response in lupus, reducing joint pain and organ damage from autoantibody activity, making it a standard treatment.

Choice C reason: Hydroxychloroquine modulates immunity and reduces lupus flares by stabilizing lysosomes and decreasing autoantibody production, directly addressing its autoimmune pathology.

Choice D reason: Methotrexate, an immunosuppressant, inhibits folate metabolism, curbing immune cell proliferation in lupus, effectively managing severe symptoms like arthritis or organ involvement.

A. Fluid restriction B. Neomycin C. Kayexalate D. Sodium chloride infusion and furosemide

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fluid restriction doesn’t address hyperkalemia (6.4 mEq/L); it may concentrate potassium further, worsening the condition, as it’s unrelated to potassium excretion or shifting in this scenario.

Choice B reason: Neomycin, an antibiotic, reduces gut bacteria but isn’t used for hyperkalemia. It has no direct effect on potassium levels, making it irrelevant for this lab finding.

Choice C reason: Kayexalate binds potassium in the gut, facilitating its fecal excretion, effectively lowering serum levels (6.4 mEq/L) in hyperkalemia, aligning with urgent correction needs here.

Choice D reason: Sodium chloride and furosemide dilute and excrete potassium via urine, but Kayexalate is preferred for rapid gut-based removal when potassium is critically high (6.4 mEq/L).

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