Which of the following manifestations may indicate that a client has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? (Select all that apply)

Butterfly rash

Pleural effusions

Elevated ammonia levels

Pericarditis

Esophageal varices

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A reason: Butterfly rash, a malar erythema, is a classic SLE sign, triggered by photosensitivity and immune complex deposition in skin, reflecting systemic inflammation.

Choice B reason: Pleural effusions occur in SLE from serositis, where autoantibodies inflame pleura, causing fluid buildup, a common thoracic manifestation of the disease.

Choice C reason: Elevated ammonia levels relate to liver failure, not SLE, which affects kidneys and joints, not ammonia metabolism, making this unrelated.

Choice D reason: Pericarditis in SLE results from immune-mediated inflammation of the pericardium, causing chest pain and effusion, a frequent cardiac feature.

Choice E reason: Esophageal varices stem from portal hypertension in cirrhosis, not SLE, which targets connective tissues, not liver vasculature directly.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Gamma globulins (IVIG) provide antibodies to fight infections and stabilize platelet and RBC counts in lupus by modulating immunity, addressing cytopenias effectively.

Choice B reason: Prednisone suppresses immunity, reducing lupus inflammation but lowering infection resistance and not directly boosting platelets or RBCs, risking suppression.

Choice C reason: Methotrexate inhibits folate, suppressing lupus immune activity, but it can reduce blood cell production, not increase platelets or RBCs, worsening counts.

Choice D reason: Hydroxychloroquine prevents lupus flares by stabilizing lysosomes, not boosting blood counts or immunity, focusing on symptom control, not cytopenias.

A. Fluticasone B. Captopril C. Carvedilol D. Isosorbide dinitrate

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fluticasone, an inhaled steroid, treats asthma inflammation safely in heart failure, reducing airway reactivity without cardiac impact, so no clarification is needed.

Choice B reason: Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, reduces preload in heart failure, safe with asthma as it doesn’t affect airways, aligning with standard therapy.

Choice C reason: Carvedilol, a non-selective beta-blocker, treats heart failure but risks bronchospasm in asthma by blocking beta-2 receptors, requiring clarification for safety.

Choice D reason: Isosorbide dinitrate dilates vessels in heart failure, reducing workload, with no asthma contraindication, making it appropriate without needing clarification.

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Which of the following manifestations may indicate that a client has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following treatments for lupus would aid in fighting infections and boosting the client's platelet and red blood cell counts?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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