The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. The nurse can be confident that treatment is effective when:

The client's heart rate falls to 65

The client's blood systolic blood pressure lowers to 118.

The client expresses hunger.

The client is no longer vomiting.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The client's heart rate falls to 65: A heart rate of 65 bpm may be within normal range, but it is not a specific indicator of ondansetron’s effectiveness. Ondansetron is an antiemetic, and its success is measured by reduction in nausea and vomiting, not changes in heart rate.

B. The client's systolic blood pressure lowers to 118: While 118 mm Hg is a normal systolic reading, ondansetron does not have a direct therapeutic effect on blood pressure. Blood pressure changes are not a reliable measure of antiemetic treatment success.

C. The client expresses hunger: Expressing hunger could suggest relief from nausea, but it is a subjective and indirect sign. A client may still feel nausea or be reluctant to eat for other reasons, so hunger alone does not confirm effectiveness of ondansetron.

D. The client is no longer vomiting: Ondansetron works by blocking serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and gastrointestinal tract. Its primary purpose is to prevent or stop vomiting, making cessation of vomiting the most direct and reliable sign of effectiveness.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Regular insulin: Regular insulin is the only type of insulin approved for intravenous administration. It is commonly used in emergency situations like diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) due to its predictable onset and short duration when given IV.

B. Rapid acting insulin: Although rapid-acting insulins such as lispro or aspart act quickly when given subcutaneously, they are not used intravenously because their pharmacokinetics are less predictable via this route, and they are not approved for IV use.

C. Long acting insulin: Long-acting insulins like glargine or detemir are formulated to release slowly over an extended period and are never given IV. Intravenous administration would disrupt their controlled-release mechanism and lead to unpredictable effects.

D. Intermediate acting: Intermediate-acting insulin, such as NPH, contains protamine to delay absorption, making it unsuitable for IV use. Administering it intravenously would result in erratic absorption and action, posing safety risks.

A. Humulin N B. Humalog C. Lantus D. NPH insulin

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Humulin N: Humulin N is an intermediate-acting insulin with an onset of 1 to 2 hours. It does not act rapidly enough to require coordination with meal delivery and can be given well in advance of meals to provide basal coverage.

B. Humalog: Humalog (insulin lispro) is a rapid-acting insulin that begins to lower blood glucose within 15 minutes of administration. To prevent hypoglycemia, it should be given only when the meal is about to be consumed or when the tray is present.

C. Lantus: Lantus (insulin glargine) is a long-acting basal insulin with no significant peak and a slow onset. It is typically administered once daily, regardless of meal timing, and does not need to be timed with food delivery.

D. NPH insulin: NPH insulin is another intermediate-acting insulin with a slower onset than rapid-acting insulins. While it may be administered before meals, it does not require the immediate presence of food and has a delayed peak.

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The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. The nurse can be confident that treatment is effective when:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which insulin can be administered intravenously?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which insulin requires the nurse to wait until the meal trays are being delivered to the client before administering?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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