The nurse is caring for a homeless patient at risk for tuberculosis (TB). Which clinical manifestations of the disease would the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select All that Apply.)

Fatigue

Night sweats

Neuropathy

Weight loss

Non-productive cough

Low grade fever

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E,F

A.   Fatigue is a common symptom of TB, especially in the early stages. The body's energy is used up fighting the infection, leading to feelings of tiredness.
B.   Night sweats are another common symptom of TB. The body's immune system works harder at night, leading to excessive sweating.
C.   While neuropathy can be a potential complication of TB, it's not a typical clinical manifestation in the early stages. Neuropathy is more likely to occur in advanced cases or if the TB infection has spread to other parts of the body.
D.   TB can cause weight loss due to decreased appetite, increased metabolic rate, and the body's use of energy to fight the infection.
E.   A cough is a common symptom of TB. In the early stages, the cough may be dry or non-productive, meaning there's no phlegm or mucus.
F.   A low-grade fever is another common symptom of TB. The body's temperature rises slightly as it fights the infection.

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Correct Answer is F,D,A,B,E,C

Explanation

F. Inhale deeply and then exhale completely: This ensures that the airways are clear before inhaling the medication.
D. Place her lips firmly around the mouthpiece: A tight seal around the mouthpiece is important to prevent the medication from escaping and to ensure that it reaches the lungs.
A. Breathe in deeply over 2 to 3 seconds while pushing down on the canister: This action releases the medication into the lungs. It's important to inhale slowly and deeply to maximize the delivery of the medication.
G. Hold her breath for 10 seconds: Holding the breath allows the medication to settle into the lungs, increasing its effectiveness.
E. Exhale slowly through pursed lips: Exhaling slowly helps to prevent the medication from being exhaled too quickly and reduces the risk of irritation to the airways.
C. Wait 60 seconds between each puff: If more than one puff is prescribed, waiting 60 seconds between puffs allows the medication from the first puff to settle into the lungs before inhaling the second puff.

A. Rhonchi B. weight gain C. Hemoptysis D. Frothy sputum

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Rhonchi are abnormal lung sounds that result from obstruction or secretions in larger airways. They are more commonly associated with conditions like chronic bronchitis or COPD rather than tuberculosis. While TB can lead to various lung sounds, rhonchi are not a hallmark of the disease.
B. Weight gain is generally not associated with tuberculosis. In fact, TB often leads to weight loss due to factors like loss of appetite, increased metabolic demand, and systemic effects of the infection. Patients with active TB frequently present with cachexia (wasting) or weight loss, not weight gain.
C. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is a significant and classic symptom associated with tuberculosis, especially in cases involving pulmonary TB. It occurs due to the erosion of blood vessels in the lungs as the disease progresses. This makes it a strong correlating finding with a diagnosis of tuberculosis.
D. Frothy sputum is more characteristic of pulmonary edema or conditions such as congestive heart failure. In tuberculosis, sputum may be mucoid or purulent and sometimes contains blood, but it is not typically described as frothy.

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The nurse is caring for a homeless patient at risk for tuberculosis (TB). Which clinical manifestations of the disease would the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). The nurse identifies the sequence of steps the client should follow. (Move the steps, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all steps.)

Correct Answer is F,D,A,B,E,C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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