The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to find when assessing the newborn? (Select All That Apply).
Upon auscultation, clear bilateral breath sounds.
Dyspnea.
Upon auscultation a machine-like murmur in the right upper sternal border.
Cyanosis.
Difficulty feeding
Correct Answer : B,C,E
A. Clear bilateral breath sounds are not typical in PDA; instead, crackles or signs of respiratory distress may be present.
B. Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is common due to the increased pulmonary blood flow from the PDA.
C. A machine-like murmur heard at the right upper sternal border is characteristic of PDA.
D. Cyanosis is typically not present in isolated PDA unless the PDA is large and leads to right-to-left shunting.
E. Difficulty feeding is a common symptom because the newborn may tire easily due to inefficient circulation and increased work of breathing.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C"}
Explanation
A. Digitalis toxicity can occur in children receiving digoxin, especially if there are electrolyte imbalances or if the dose is too high. Symptoms of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and arrhythmias.
C. Hypokalemia is a common side effect of diuretics like furosemide. Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin toxicity, which is critical to monitor in this child’s care.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The nurse should encourage open communication and allow the adolescent to express their emotions about the amputation. This provides emotional support and helps the child process the upcoming surgery.
B. Encouraging immediate return to physical activities may not be realistic or helpful right after surgery.
C. Assisting the adolescent in accepting the procedure as a better alternative to chemotherapy may minimize the emotional aspects of the situation and is not an ideal approach.
D. Avoiding the topic of the procedure can increase anxiety and delay the emotional preparation needed for the surgery.
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