The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to find when assessing the newborn? (Select All That Apply).

Upon auscultation, clear bilateral breath sounds.

Dyspnea.

Upon auscultation a machine-like murmur in the right upper sternal border.

Cyanosis.

Difficulty feeding

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A.   Clear bilateral breath sounds are not typical in PDA; instead, crackles or signs of respiratory distress may be present.
B.   Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is common due to the increased pulmonary blood flow from the PDA.
C.   A machine-like murmur heard at the right upper sternal border is characteristic of PDA.
D.   Cyanosis is typically not present in isolated PDA unless the PDA is large and leads to right-to-left shunting.
E.   Difficulty feeding is a common symptom because the newborn may tire easily due to inefficient circulation and increased work of breathing.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. NSAIDs may help with pain management, but they are not the primary treatment for SCFE.
B. Restricting weight-bearing activities is crucial to prevent further damage and complications to the affected hip joint.
C. Crutches may be prescribed to assist with mobility and prevent weight-bearing on the affected hip.
D. Ice packs may reduce inflammation but are secondary to more important interventions like weight restriction and orthopedic referral.
E. Immediate referral to an orthopedic specialist is necessary for appropriate diagnosis and management, including possible surgery.
F. Heat packs are not recommended for SCFE because they could increase blood flow and swelling in the affected area.

A. Tachycardia B. Hyporeflexia C. Increased appetite D. Negative Babinski reflex

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tachycardia can occur with a brain tumor due to increased intracranial pressure and systemic stress responses.
B. Hyporeflexia is not a typical sign of a brain tumor. Hyperreflexia or changes in reflexes may be seen with central nervous system involvement.
C. Decreased appetite is more common due to nausea, vomiting, and other neurological symptoms associated with brain tumors.
D. A negative Babinski reflex is normal in children over 2 years old, and a positive Babinski reflex (extending the toes) may indicate neurological involvement, not a typical finding in brain tumors.

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The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to find when assessing the newborn? (Select All That Apply).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A Nurse is caring for a child with Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE). Which interventions should be prioritized for a child with SCFE? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse on an oncology unit is assessing a child who has a brain tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is admitting a child with a suspected diagnosis of Wilm's tumor. The nurse should place a sign with which of the following warnings about this child?

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