The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to find when assessing the newborn? (Select All That Apply).
Upon auscultation, clear bilateral breath sounds.
Dyspnea.
Upon auscultation a machine-like murmur in the right upper sternal border.
Cyanosis.
Difficulty feeding
Correct Answer : B,C,E
A. Clear bilateral breath sounds are not typical in PDA; instead, crackles or signs of respiratory distress may be present.
B. Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is common due to the increased pulmonary blood flow from the PDA.
C. A machine-like murmur heard at the right upper sternal border is characteristic of PDA.
D. Cyanosis is typically not present in isolated PDA unless the PDA is large and leads to right-to-left shunting.
E. Difficulty feeding is a common symptom because the newborn may tire easily due to inefficient circulation and increased work of breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Oliguria (decreased urine output) may be a sign of dehydration or kidney dysfunction but is not typically the primary symptom of a CNS infection.
B. A negative Kernig's sign (no resistance to leg extension) is a reassuring sign and suggests that meningitis or other CNS infections are less likely. A positive sign would suggest possible meningitis.
C. Bulging of the fontanel is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, which can occur in CNS infections such as meningitis. This is a critical finding that requires immediate attention.
D. A negative Brudzinski sign means there is no neck stiffness or pain when the neck is flexed, which is a good finding. A positive sign would suggest the presence of meningitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Jock itch is a fungal infection of the groin, not the feet.
B. Tinea pedis is the medical term for athlete's foot, a fungal infection of the feet.
C. Ringworm is a fungal infection that can affect various parts of the body, not specifically the feet.
D. Poison sumac is a plant-based skin irritation caused by contact with the plant, not a fungal infection.
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