A 2-year-old child presents to the hospital with a fever of 38.4 Celsius and the parents state the child has had dysuria and Irritability, with a loss of appetite. What diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be ordered first based on the symptoms?
Complete blood count
Urinalysis
Abdominal ultrasound
Bladder scan
The Correct Answer is B
A complete blood count (CBC) may be ordered later if further infection or sepsis is suspected, but it is not the first diagnostic test.
B. Urinalysis is the most appropriate initial test to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is common in children with symptoms such as dysuria and irritability.
C. An abdominal ultrasound is more appropriate if there are concerns about abdominal pathology, which is not suggested by the symptoms.
D. A bladder scan is not the first diagnostic step and would be used to assess post-void residual urine if necessary.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Penicillin is used to eradicate the group A streptococcus bacteria that cause rheumatic fever, preventing further complications such as heart damage.
B. Corticosteroids may be used to manage symptoms of chorea (involuntary movements), but the primary treatment for rheumatic fever involves antibiotics like penicillin to eradicate the infection.
C. Salicylates (aspirin) are often used to manage the inflammation and fever associated with rheumatic fever, so they are not avoided. This choice is incorrect.
D. Bed rest is only indicated if the child has severe carditis, not as a routine measure for all children with rheumatic fever.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Elevating the legs on a pillow helps reduce swelling and discomfort while the cast is healing.
B. Heat therapy should not be applied to the casted area, as it could cause skin irritation or burns.
C. Casts should not be removed for bathing unless specifically ordered by the provider.
D. Encouraging the infant to crawl or bear weight on the affected leg is not appropriate until the cast is removed and healing is complete.
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