A 2-year-old child presents to the hospital with a fever of 38.4 Celsius and the parents state the child has had dysuria and Irritability, with a loss of appetite. What diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be ordered first based on the symptoms?

Complete blood count

Urinalysis

Abdominal ultrasound

Bladder scan

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A complete blood count (CBC) may be ordered later if further infection or sepsis is suspected, but it is not the first diagnostic test.
B. Urinalysis is the most appropriate initial test to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is common in children with symptoms such as dysuria and irritability.
C. An abdominal ultrasound is more appropriate if there are concerns about abdominal pathology, which is not suggested by the symptoms.
D. A bladder scan is not the first diagnostic step and would be used to assess post-void residual urine if necessary.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Low levels of AFP are not diagnostic of any condition, but they could indicate a potential issue, requiring further investigation.
B. A negative AFP test does not rule out genetic issues, as AFP is just one screening tool.
C. High levels of AFP may indicate a neural tube defect or other issues and warrant further testing, such as ultrasound or amniocentesis.
D. An elevated AFP level is associated with neural tube defects but does not definitively indicate the presence of one without further testing.

A. Computed tomography scan (CT scan) B. Electroencephalogram (EEG) C. Analysis of Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) D. Blood Culture & Sensitivity (C&S)

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A CT scan is not typically used to assess febrile seizures or to diagnose meningitis in this context. CSF analysis is more relevant.
B. While an EEG could be helpful for diagnosing seizures, it is not the priority in this case where an infection (meningitis) is suspected.
C. As mentioned in question 36, CSF analysis is essential in diagnosing meningitis, especially in infants presenting with seizures and fever. The nurse would anticipate this as the most appropriate diagnostic test to confirm meningitis or other CNS infections.
D. Blood cultures are helpful for identifying systemic infection but are not the first step in diagnosing meningitis, where CSF analysis is more specific.

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A 2-year-old child presents to the hospital with a fever of 38.4 Celsius and the parents state the child has had dysuria and Irritability, with a loss of appetite. What diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be ordered first based on the symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

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