The nurse is caring for several clients with acute kidney injury. Which client is most at risk for developing post renal acute kidney injury?

The client with hypovolemic shock following surgery.

The client taking NSAIDs every 8 hours for arthritis pain.

The client recovering from acute glomerulonephritis

The client diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hypovolemic shock causes decreased renal perfusion and is associated with prerenal acute kidney injury, not post renal.

B. Long-term NSAID use can cause intrarenal acute kidney injury by damaging renal tissue through inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and decreased renal blood flow.

C. Acute glomerulonephritis results in intrarenal acute kidney injury due to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli.

D. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can cause urinary tract obstruction by compressing the urethra, leading to urinary retention and backflow of urine into the kidneys. This obstruction results in post renal acute kidney injury.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Stopping antibiotics when symptoms disappear is incorrect; clients must complete the entire prescribed course to prevent recurrence and antibiotic resistance. This statement shows a need for further teaching.
B. Resting and gradually resuming activities as tolerated is correct and promotes healing.
C. Applying warm compresses helps increase circulation, reduce discomfort, and promote healing.
D. Contacting the provider for pain not relieved by medication is correct, as it may indicate worsening infection or complications.

A. The client should participate in physical activity such as swimming. B. The client should limit carbonated beverages. C. The client should start taking hormonal replacement therapy. D. The client should decrease intake of dairy in the diet.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. While physical activity is important, swimming is not a weight-bearing exercise and therefore does not provide the bone-strengthening benefits necessary to reduce osteoporosis risk. Activities such as walking, jogging, or resistance training are more effective.
B. Carbonated beverages, especially colas, are associated with decreased bone density because they may contain phosphoric acid and can displace calcium-rich beverages like milk in the diet. Limiting these drinks helps reduce osteoporosis risk.
C. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is not recommended as a preventive measure for young adults due to potential risks and side effects. It is generally considered only for postmenopausal women when indicated.
D. Dairy products are high in calcium and vitamin D, which are essential for bone health. Decreasing intake would increase the risk of osteoporosis rather than prevent it.

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Heart Rate	105 beats/minute.
Blood Pressure	130/85 mmHg
Pain	6 on a 0-10 scale
Temperature	101.3 F (38.5 C)
White Blood Cell (WBC)	12,000 mm3 (Ref: 4,000-10,000 mm3)
Platelet Count	150,000 mcl (Ret: 150,000-400,000 mcl)

The nurse is caring for several clients with acute kidney injury. Which client is most at risk for developing post renal acute kidney injury?

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