The nurse is educating a group of older adults at a community meeting regarding the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which risk factors should the nurse include in the presentation?

Small frame and female biologic sex.

Prolonged use of ibuprofen.

Male biologic sex, diabetes and high protein intake,

Elevated estrogen levels and increased body mass.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Individuals with a small body frame and those of female biologic sex are at higher risk for osteoporosis. Women are particularly vulnerable after menopause due to decreased estrogen, which accelerates bone loss.

B. Prolonged use of corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone), not ibuprofen, is a significant risk factor for osteoporosis. NSAIDs like ibuprofen do not typically contribute to bone density loss.

C. Male sex is generally protective compared to female sex, and diabetes is not considered a primary risk factor. While nutrition does play a role, high protein intake does not directly cause osteoporosis; instead, low calcium and vitamin D intake are more concerning.

D. Low estrogen levels (not elevated) contribute to osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women. Increased body mass can actually provide some protective effect on bone density due to higher weight-bearing stress on bones.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Gloves are required only when direct contact with body fluids is anticipated; they are not necessary for every visitor.
B. Limiting visits to 10 minutes is not an evidence-based requirement; the focus should be on proper precautions, not strict time limits.
C. Restricting visits to family only is not required; anyone may visit as long as they follow infection control precautions.
D. Influenza A is transmitted via respiratory droplets. Visitors and healthcare staff should wear masks when entering the client’s room to reduce the risk of transmission.

A. Assess the client for renal calculi. B. Obtain an order for computed tomography (CT scan) C. Obtain a urinalysis immediately. D. Perform an electrocardiogram STAT

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Renal calculi (kidney stones) can cause flank pain and hematuria, but this client’s systemic infection signs (fever, tachycardia, chills, elevated WBC) point toward a urinary tract infection progressing to pyelonephritis, not stones.

B. A CT scan might be used later to assess for obstruction or complications, but it is not the first step. Immediate diagnostic confirmation of infection is needed.

C. The client’s presentation strongly suggests acute pyelonephritis (upper urinary tract infection with systemic involvement). A urinalysis and urine culture are the priority initial diagnostic tests to confirm infection and guide treatment. This should be done before starting antibiotics whenever possible.

D. An EKG may be indicated in cases of electrolyte imbalance (e.g., hyperkalemia in renal failure), but this client’s electrolytes and creatinine are within range. It is not a priority at this time.

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Blood Pressure	118/78 mmHg
Heart Rate	112 beats/minute
Respiratory Rate	22 breaths/minute
Temperature	102.8 F (39.3 C)
WBC	16000 (Ret: 4000-11000)
BUN	24 mg/dL (Ref: 8-20 mg/dL)
Creatinine	1.1 mg/dL (Ref: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL)

Heart Rate	115 beats per minute
Blood pressure	100/70 mmHg
Temperature	98.7 F (37.0 C)
Oxygen saturation	90% on room air

Creatinine 1.8 mg/dL	Ref: 0.6-1.3 mg/dL
White blood cell (WBC) 16,000 mm3	Ref: 5,000-10,000 mm3
Platelet count 120,000	Ref: 140,000-400,000
C-Reactive Protein 5 mg/dL	Ref: <1 mg/dL

The nurse is educating a group of older adults at a community meeting regarding the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which risk factors should the nurse include in the presentation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing to educate a client with Influenza A about the necessary safety measures to prevent the spread of infection. What action is most appropriate to include when developing the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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