The nurse is evaluating the knowledge of a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 DM. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional information?
I will learn to carefully check my blood glucose since I am prone to ketoacidosis.
My pancreas may have started to attack itself after a childhood viral infection.
may be genetically prone since diabetes goes back for several generations.
I know that I am obese and can reduce my need for insulin with weight loss.
The Correct Answer is D
D. Obesity and weight loss are more directly linked to type 2 diabetes but they are not primary factors in the management of type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Weight loss can improve insulin sensitivity, which might be relevant for type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance, but type 1 diabetes patients will always require exogenous insulin regardless of weight changes.
A. Patients with type 1 diabetes are at risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious condition caused by high blood glucose levels and ketone buildup due to insufficient insulin. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial in preventing DKA.
B. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the insulin- producing beta cells in the pancreas. A viral infection can sometimes trigger this autoimmune response in genetically susceptible individuals.
C. There is a genetic component to type 1 diabetes, and having a family history of the disease can increase the risk, although environmental factors also play a role.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Expiratory wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds produced by air passing through narrowed or obstructed airways. Wheezing is a hallmark sign of asthma, particularly during an exacerbation, and is usually more pronounced during expiration due to the increased effort required to expel air through the narrowed airways.
A. A pleural friction rub is a grating sound produced by the movement of inflamed pleural surfaces rubbing together. It is typically heard in conditions such as pleuritis (inflammation of the pleura) or pleurisy. This sound is not commonly associated with asthma exacerbations.
C. Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds that occur due to the presence of mucus or other secretions in the larger airways. While rhonchi can be heard in conditions with increased mucus production, such as bronchitis, they are not typically the primary sound associated with asthma exacerbations.
D. Fine rales, also known as crackles, are high-pitched, popping sounds heard during inspiration. They are usually associated with conditions involving fluid in the alveoli, such as pulmonary edema or interstitial lung disease. Crackles are not characteristic of asthma.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
C. The spacer helps to deliver more medication to the lungs by holding the medication in the chamber, allowing the patient to inhale it more slowly and deeply. This results in better deposition of the medication in the lower airways and reduces the amount of medication that is deposited in the mouth and throat.
A. The primary purpose of the spacer is to increase the amount of medication that reaches the lungs and to reduce the amount deposited in the oropharynx (throat). The spacer helps to ensure that more medication is delivered directly to the airways where it is needed, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the treatment and reducing side effects.
B. The exhalation slots or vents on a spacer are designed to allow the patient to exhale easily without removing the device from the mouth. The lips should form a tight seal around the mouthpiece of the spacer to ensure effective inhalation, but the exhalation slots should not be intentionally covered.
D. When using a spacer with an MDI, the patient should inhale slowly and deeply. Rapid inhalation can cause the medication to be deposited in the upper airways rather than reaching the lungs. A slow and deep inhalation allows for better medication delivery to the lower airways.
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