The nurse is examining a 12-month-old who was brought to the clinic for persistent, painful diaper rash after being treated for otitis media with antibiotics. The nurse finds red perianal inflammation with satellite lesions. This is most likely caused by:
Varicella
Candida albicans
Impetigo
Bacterial infection
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is not the correct cause, as varicella is a viral infection that causes a blister-like rash all over the body, not just in the diaper area. Varicella also causes fever, headache, and malaise.
Choice B reason: This is the correct cause, as Candida albicans is a type of fungus that can cause diaper rash, especially after antibiotic use. Antibiotics can disrupt the normal flora of the skin and allow the fungus to grow. Candida albicans causes red, inflamed skin with small, raised bumps around the edges.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct cause, as impetigo is a bacterial infection that causes honey-colored crusts on the skin, usually around the mouth and nose. Impetigo is contagious and can spread to other parts of the body or other people.
Choice D reason: This is not the correct cause, as bacterial infection is too vague and nonspecific. Bacterial infection can cause different types of skin rashes, depending on the type and location of the bacteria. Bacterial infection may also cause other symptoms, such as fever, pus, or swelling.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a correct statement, as treatment for atopic dermatitis includes keeping the skin moist, not dry. Dry skin can worsen the itching and inflammation of eczema. Moisturizers, emollients, and topical steroids can help hydrate and protect the skin¹.
Choice B reason: This is not a correct statement, as there is no cure for atopic dermatitis. It is a chronic condition that can flare up and subside over time. Treatment can help control the symptoms and prevent complications, but it cannot eliminate the disease¹.
Choice C reason: This is not a correct statement, as atopic dermatitis is not directly associated with upper respiratory tract infections. However, some infants with atopic dermatitis may also have asthma or allergic rhinitis, which can increase the risk of respiratory infections².
Choice D reason: This is the correct statement, as atopic dermatitis is associated with allergy with a hereditary tendency. It is a type of hypersensitivity reaction that involves the immune system and the skin barrier. It is more common in infants who have a family history of eczema, asthma, or hay fever¹².
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point is a classic sign of acute appendicitis. McBurney point is located about two-thirds of the way from the navel to the right hip bone. It is the site of the base of the appendix, where the inflammation is most severe. The pain usually starts around the navel and then shifts to the lower right abdomen. The pain may worsen with movement, coughing, or pressure.
Choice B reason: Rebound tenderness is a symptom of peritonitis, which is a complication of acute appendicitis. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity, which can occur if the appendix ruptures and spills its contents. Rebound tenderness is a sharp pain that occurs when the abdomen is quickly released after being gently pressed. It indicates irritation of the peritoneum, the membrane that covers the abdominal organs.
Choice C reason: Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating is not a typical feature of acute appendicitis. In fact, appendicitis may cause loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting. Eating may worsen the pain by stimulating the digestive tract and increasing the pressure on the appendix.
Choice D reason: Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding is not a common manifestation of acute appendicitis. It may indicate other conditions, such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, or colon cancer. Rectal bleeding may occur in some cases of appendicitis if the inflammation affects the cecum, the first part of the colon, but it is usually not bright or dark red.
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