The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

Sputum culture

Chest x-ray

Tuberculin skin test

Bronchoscopy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Sputum culture: A sputum culture is the definitive diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB). It involves collecting a sample of the patient’s sputum and testing it for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB. This test confirms active TB infection and is critical in guiding treatment.

B. Chest x-ray: A chest x-ray can show abnormalities in the lungs that may suggest TB, such as infiltrates or cavities, but it cannot confirm the diagnosis. It is often used as a supporting diagnostic tool alongside other tests.

C. Tuberculin skin test: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is used to identify latent TB infection, not active TB. A positive result indicates that a person has been exposed to TB bacteria, but it does not confirm active disease.

D. Bronchoscopy: Bronchoscopy allows for direct visualization of the airways and collection of samples, but it is not the standard diagnostic test for confirming TB. Sputum culture remains the gold standard for diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In cases of acute bacterial sinusitis that last longer than 10 days, worsen after initial improvement, or present with severe symptoms (such as fever and significant facial pain), oral antibiotics are generally indicated. First-line options typically include amoxicillin-clavulanate.

Other options listed, such as nasal saline irrigation, oral decongestants, or intranasal corticosteroids, may help alleviate symptoms but would not address the bacterial infection, making antibiotics the most appropriate primary treatment in this case.

A. Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting B. Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch C. Hypoxemia due to dead space D. Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting: In ARDS, shunting can impair oxygenation but not directly carbon dioxide elimination. Shunting refers to blood flow through areas of the lung that are not ventilated properly, primarily affecting oxygenation.

B. Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch: ARDS is typically associated with increased, not decreased, pulmonary arterial pressure due to the inflammatory process and reduced lung compliance. V/Q mismatch in ARDS usually results in elevated pulmonary arterial pressure.

C. Hypoxemia due to dead space: ARDS hypoxemia results from impaired gas exchange in damaged alveoli rather than dead space, which is more related to ventilation without perfusion.

D. Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness: ARDS is characterized by decreased pulmonary compliance, which is due to the stiffening of lung tissue from inflammation and edema. This stiffness makes lung expansion more difficult and is a key feature of ARDS.

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The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exhibits Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this patient. given the likely diagnosis of acute sinusitis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Exhibits What is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

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