The nurse is planning discharge education for a client with multiple sclerosis (MS). What should the nurse include in the client's education?

The goal of treatment for MS is to delay the progression of the disease.

Fatigue that interferes with activities of daily living is treated with the drug baclofen.

Although (MS) involves remissions and exacerbations, it can be cured.

There are only two classifications of drugs that are used in the management of MS.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive neurological disease with no known cure. The main goal of treatment is to delay disease progression, manage symptoms, and reduce the frequency/severity of exacerbations to maintain function and quality of life.
B. Baclofen is an antispasmodic used to treat muscle spasticity in MS, not fatigue. Fatigue is managed through energy-conservation strategies, exercise, and sometimes medications like amantadine.
C. MS is not curable. It follows a pattern of remissions and exacerbations, but treatment focuses on symptom control and slowing progression.
D. Multiple classifications of drugs are used, including disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), corticosteroids for acute relapses, muscle relaxants, and medications for specific symptoms such as fatigue, pain, and bladder dysfunction.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A sudden onset of severe hip pain with observable shortening and external rotation of the affected extremity is a hallmark sign of hip dislocation, a serious complication after hip replacement surgery. This requires immediate intervention to prevent neurovascular damage.
B. Incision dehiscence involves the surgical wound opening but does not typically cause leg shortening or severe sudden hip pain.
C. Bleeding at the operative site may lead to swelling, bruising, or decreased hemoglobin, but it does not cause limb shortening or abrupt severe pain localized to the hip joint.
D. Infection usually develops gradually with fever, redness, warmth, or drainage at the surgical site, not a sudden severe pain with extremity shortening.

A. Give aspirin or acetaminophen as needed. B. Encourage frequent warm bubble baths. C. Give a pediatric dose of an antihistamine. D. Apply baby lotion over the open lesions. E. 49. The nurse is performing an assessment on a child with varicella and notices the child scratching the lesions. Which nursing intervention will the nurse perform to provide comfort at this time?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Acetaminophen may help reduce fever or pain but does not relieve itching, which is the immediate source of discomfort. Aspirin should never be given to children with varicella due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome.

B. Warm baths may actually increase itching or open lesions if the skin softens too much; tepid baths with soothing additives (like oatmeal) are safer.

C. A pediatric antihistamine (e.g., diphenhydramine) helps reduce pruritus, preventing scratching and decreasing the risk of secondary bacterial infection.

D. Applying lotion to open lesions can increase the risk of infection. Moisturizers or calamine lotion are appropriate only for intact skin.

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Creatinine 1.8 mg/dL	Ref: 0.6-1.3 mg/dL
White blood cell (WBC) 16,000 mm3	Ref: 5,000-10,000 mm3
Platelet count 120,000	Ref: 140,000-400,000
C-Reactive Protein 5 mg/dL	Ref: <1 mg/dL

The nurse is planning discharge education for a client with multiple sclerosis (MS). What should the nurse include in the client's education?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who had a left total hip replacement three days ago. The client suddenly has severe left hip pain and the nurse notes a shortening of the left lower extremity. What complication does the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is performing an assessment on a child with varicella and notices the child scratching the lesions. Which nursing intervention will the nurse perform to provide comfort at this time?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is admitting a client with an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. The client states, "I have been in remission for years and cannot imagine what might have caused this." Which question would be the best one to ask in trying to determine the cause of the relapse?

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