The nurse is preparing a preoperative teaching plan about using an incentive spirometer. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Keep a loose seal between the lips and the mouthpiece.
Inhale as rapidly as possible.
After maximum inspiration, hold the breath for 20 seconds and exhale.
The best results are achieved when sitting up or with the head of the bed elevated 45 to 90 degrees.
The Correct Answer is D
A. A tight seal between the lips and mouthpiece is necessary to effectively use the incentive spirometer.
B. Inhalation should be slow and deep, not rapid, to maximize lung expansion.
C. The breath should be held for about 3 to 5 seconds, not 20 seconds, to prevent dizziness.
D. Sitting up or elevating the head of the bed improves lung expansion and enhances the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The typical lifting restriction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is less than 10 pounds, and usually for about 1 week, not 6 weeks.
B. A fever of 100°F (37.7°C) or higher for two days may indicate infection and requires medical evaluation.
C. Clients are generally advised not to drive immediately after surgery, especially if they are taking pain medications.
D. While some assistance may be needed initially, a full week of supervision is usually not required after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Metformin is withheld before and after contrast studies to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function is impaired.
B. Glipizide does not have this contraindication with contrast media.
C. Insulin therapy is adjusted based on blood glucose levels and is not routinely withheld.
D. Repaglinide is not contraindicated with contrast agents and does not require withholding.
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