The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

You will need to eat a high-potassium and high-protein diet.

You may end up needing dialysis as the disease progresses.

You will need to undergo a vasectomy because people with this condition should not have children.

People with this genetic condition are not candidates for kidney transplant.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Patients with PKD may have issues with kidney function over time, which can affect potassium levels. Typically, a high-potassium diet is not recommended for those with kidney problems because it can exacerbate hyperkalemia.
B.   Polycystic kidney disease can lead to progressive loss of kidney function, and many patients eventually require dialysis or a kidney transplant as the disease advances and kidney function declines.

C.   There is no general recommendation for a vasectomy solely based on having PKD. While PKD is a genetic condition, and individuals with PKD can pass the condition on to their children, there is no requirement for men with PKD to undergo sterilization.
D.   People with PKD are potential candidates for kidney transplantation if their kidney function deteriorates to the point where dialysis is required. PKD itself does not disqualify individuals from receiving a kidney transplant.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Milk is low in purines and is not associated with an increase in uric acid levels or the formation of uric acid stones. In fact, dairy products like milk can be beneficial in a diet for managing kidney stones because they are low in purines and provide calcium, which may help prevent stone formation.

B. Liver is very high in purines. High-purine foods increase the levels of uric acid in the body, which can lead to the formation of uric acid stones in the kidneys. Therefore, clients with recurrent kidney stones due to excessive purine intake should avoid liver and other organ meats.
C. Spinach is considered to have a moderate level of purines. While it is not as high in purines as organ meats, it still contains a notable amount. However, in comparison to foods like liver, it is less of a concern for individuals who need to strictly limit purine intake.
D. Chocolate contains a moderate amount of purines, but it is not as high in purines as organ meats like liver. While it’s not completely free from purines, its purine content is generally lower compared to foods such as liver.

A. Calcium gluconate B. Antibiotics C. Tamsulosin D. Phosphate binders

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Calcium gluconate is used to treat or prevent calcium deficiencies and to manage conditions related to calcium imbalances, such as hypocalcemia. It is not typically used to prevent struvite stones.
B. Antibiotics are the most appropriate choice for preventing the recurrence of struvite stones. Since struvite stones are associated with urinary tract infections caused by urease-producing bacteria, antibiotic therapy is aimed at eliminating these infections. By treating or preventing UTIs, the conditions that lead to struvite stone formation are addressed, reducing the likelihood of recurrence.
C. Tamsulosin is an alpha-blocker used to relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow in conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is not specifically used for preventing struvite stones.
D. Phosphate binders are used to reduce phosphate levels in the blood, which is important in managing conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) where phosphate levels can be elevated.

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The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client has had recurrent kidney stones. Upon lab analysis of the client's urine, it is found that excessive purine intake is the underlying cause. Which of the following high-purine foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving epoetin alfa. Which laboratory result would indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication?

A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?

The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. The nurse recognizes that administering IV calcium gluconate to this client will result in which of the following effects?

A client with rapidly progressing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) asks about the possibility of a kidney transplant. In responding to the client, the nurse understands that which of the following is a contraindication for receiving a kidney transplant?

Which of the following clients is at risk of developing acute kidney injury from a post-renal cause?