The nurse is providing medication education for a client with osteoarthritis. What teaching should the nurse include in the education?
The main side effect of acetaminophen is gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.
You should not take more than 4000 mg of acetaminophen a day.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are very safe and have no side effects.
The most common adverse effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are liver failure and tinnitus.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The main side effect of acetaminophen is gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is incorrect and misleading. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer that is commonly used for osteoarthritis, but it does not have antiinflammatory properties. Acetaminophen does not cause GI bleeding, unlike NSAIDs, which can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers and bleeding. The main side effect of acetaminophen is liver damage, which can occur if the dose is exceeded or if the drug is combined with alcohol or other hepatotoxic substances.
Choice B reason: You should not take more than 4000 mg of acetaminophen a day is a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is correct and important. Acetaminophen has a maximum daily dose of 4000 mg for adults, which should not be exceeded to avoid the risk of liver damage or overdose. Acetaminophen can be found in many overthecounter and prescription products, such as cold and flu remedies, cough syrups, or combination analgesics. Therefore, the client should read the labels carefully and keep track of the total amount of acetaminophen they are taking from all sources.
Choice C reason: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are very safe and have no side effects is not a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is incorrect and misleading. NSAIDs are a group of drugs that have antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, and that are commonly used for osteoarthritis. However, NSAIDs are not very safe and have many side effects, such as GI bleeding, ulcers, kidney damage, cardiovascular events, allergic reactions, or interactions with other drugs. Therefore, the client should use NSAIDs with caution and under the supervision of the provider.
Choice D reason: The most common adverse effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are liver failure and tinnitus is not a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is incorrect and misleading. Liver failure and tinnitus are not the most common adverse effects of NSAIDs, but rather rare and serious ones. Liver failure can occur in some cases of NSAID overdose or hypersensitivity, while tinnitus can occur in some cases of NSAID toxicity or high doses. The most common adverse effects of NSAIDs are GI bleeding, ulcers, or irritation, which can affect up to 15% of the users.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is the correct statement because it reflects the fact that reexposure to HIV can increase the viral load and accelerate the decline of the immune system. HIV is a virus that infects and destroys the CD4 cells, which are the white blood cells that help fight infections. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, when the CD4 count falls below 200 cells/mm3 or the client develops an opportunistic infection. The progression from HIV to AIDS can vary from person to person, depending on several factors, such as viral strain, genetic factors, treatment adherence, and coinfections. Reexposure to HIV can expose the client to a different or more aggressive strain of the virus, which can overwhelm the immune system and hasten the development of AIDS.
Choice B reason: This is an incorrect statement because it ignores the role of nutrition in maintaining the health and function of the immune system. Diet can influence the progression of HIV to AIDS by affecting the client's weight, energy, metabolism, and susceptibility to infections. The client should eat a balanced and varied diet that provides adequate calories, protein, vitamins, minerals, and fluids. The client should also avoid foods that can cause diarrhea, dehydration, or food poisoning, which can worsen the symptoms and complications of HIV infection.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect statement because it contradicts the evidence that shows that meditation can have positive effects on the psychological and physiological wellbeing of people living with HIV. Meditation is a mindbody practice that involves focusing attention on the present moment, breathing, and relaxation. Meditation can help the client cope with stress, anxiety, depression, and pain, which are common challenges for people living with HIV. Meditation can also improve the immune system function by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and cortisol levels, which can slow down the progression of HIV to AIDS.
Choice D reason: This is an incorrect statement because it overlooks the impact of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on the course of HIV infection. STIs can increase the risk of transmitting and acquiring HIV by causing ulcers, inflammation, or bleeding in the genital area, which can facilitate the entry and exit of the virus. STIs can also increase the viral load and decrease the CD4 count, which can speed up the progression of HIV to AIDS. The client should practice safe sex by using condoms, getting tested and treated for STIs, and informing their sexual partners about their HIV status.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Use gentle brushing and flossing techniques for clients with fragile mucosa is an important nursing intervention, but it is not the priority. Gentle brushing and flossing can help prevent plaque, gingivitis, and infection in the oral cavity, especially for clients with fragile mucosa due to dehydration, medication, or radiation. However, this intervention is not as urgent as having a suction apparatus ready at the bedside.
Choice B reason: Handle dentures with care is an important nursing intervention, but it is not the priority. Handling dentures with care can prevent damage, loss, or misplacement of the dentures, which can affect the client's comfort, appearance, and nutrition. However, this intervention is not as urgent as having a suction apparatus ready at the bedside.
Choice C reason: Position the client on one side with the head turned towards you is an important nursing intervention, but it is not the priority. Positioning the client on one side with the head turned towards you can facilitate the access and visibility of the oral cavity, as well as prevent the aspiration of saliva, blood, or debris. However, this intervention is not as effective as having a suction apparatus ready at the bedside.
Choice D reason: Have a suction apparatus ready at the bedside is the priority nursing intervention, because it can prevent the aspiration of saliva, blood, or debris, which can cause choking, pneumonia, or respiratory distress. Having a suction apparatus ready at the bedside can allow the nurse to quickly and safely remove any secretions or foreign materials from the oral cavity or the airway of the unconscious client.
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