The nurse is reviewing the past medical history of a group of clients. Which client would the nurse suspect as having folic acid deficiency? The:
68-year-old male who smokes one pack of cigarettes per day.
47-year-old male construction foreman who takes atenolol.
35-year-old female who drinks a glass of wine with dinner.
43-year-old female with Crohn's disease.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: The 68-year-old male who smokes one pack of cigarettes per day is not likely to have folic acid deficiency. Smoking can increase the risk of many health problems, such as lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke, but it does not affect the absorption or metabolism of folic acid. ¹ Folic acid is a type of vitamin B that is essential for the production of red blood cells and DNA. ²
Choice B reason: The 47-year-old male construction foreman who takes atenolol is not likely to have folic acid deficiency. Atenolol is a drug that lowers blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline. ³ It does not interfere with the absorption or metabolism of folic acid.
Choice C reason: The 35-year-old female who drinks a glass of wine with dinner is not likely to have folic acid deficiency. Moderate alcohol consumption, defined as one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men, does not affect the absorption or metabolism of folic acid. However, excessive alcohol intake can impair the absorption of folic acid from the intestine and increase its excretion from the urine, leading to folic acid deficiency.
Choice D reason: The 43-year-old female with Crohn's disease is the most likely to have folic acid deficiency. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the digestive tract, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Crohn's disease can impair the absorption of folic acid from the intestine, especially if the disease affects the small intestine, where most of the folic acid is absorbed. Crohn's disease can also increase the demand for folic acid, as inflammation and tissue damage require more folic acid for repair and regeneration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Respiratory alkalosis is not the correct answer. Respiratory alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is high (above 7.45) due to low carbon dioxide levels (below 35 mmHg) caused by hyperventilation. The client's blood pH is low (7.2) and the carbon dioxide level is normal (40 mmHg), which does not indicate respiratory alkalosis.
Choice B reason: Metabolic alkalosis is not the correct answer. Metabolic alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is high (above 7.45) due to high bicarbonate levels (above 26 mEq/L) caused by excessive loss of acids or intake of alkali. The client's blood pH is low (7.2) and the bicarbonate level is low (19 mEq/L), which does not indicate metabolic alkalosis.
Choice C reason: Respiratory acidosis is not the correct answer. Respiratory acidosis is a condition where the blood pH is low (below 7.35) due to high carbon dioxide levels (above 45 mmHg) caused by hypoventilation. The client's blood pH is low (7.2) but the carbon dioxide level is normal (40 mmHg), which does not indicate respiratory acidosis.
Choice D reason: This is the correct answer. Metabolic acidosis is a condition where the blood pH is low (below 7.35) due to low bicarbonate levels (below 22 mEq/L) caused by excessive production or intake of acids or loss of alkali. The client's blood pH is low (7.2) and the bicarbonate level is low (19 mEq/L), which indicates metabolic acidosis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The pain you have is because your heart valves are damaged is not the most appropriate response. This statement may apply to a client with valvular heart disease, but not necessarily to a client with coronary artery disease. The nurse should explain that coronary artery disease is a condition that affects the blood vessels that supply the heart, not the heart valves.
Choice B reason: Your heart muscle is weak and is not pumping forcefully is not the most appropriate response. This statement may apply to a client with heart failure, but not necessarily to a client with coronary artery disease. The nurse should explain that coronary artery disease is a condition that reduces the blood flow to the heart, not the heart's contractility.
Choice C reason: The pain is caused by decreased oxygen to the heart muscle is the most appropriate response. This statement accurately describes the cause of angina, which is the chest pain that occurs when the heart does not receive enough oxygen due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. The nurse should also inform the client about the factors that can trigger or relieve angina, such as physical exertion, emotional stress, cold weather, or nitroglycerin.
Choice D reason: The layers of your heart are weak and thin is not the most appropriate response. This statement may apply to a client with cardiomyopathy, but not necessarily to a client with coronary artery disease. The nurse should explain that coronary artery disease is a condition that affects the blood vessels that supply the heart, not the heart's structure.
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