The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with Trisomy 21. Which topic will the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Encourage the parents to home school the child.

Teach the parents about the need for a high-fibre diet.

Instruct the parents on the need for yearly dental visits.

Advise the parents that the child will need monthly thyroid testing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: While some parents may choose to home school their child, this is a personal decision and not a standard recommendation for all children with Trisomy 21. Educational needs should be tailored to the individual child's abilities and preferences, and many children with Trisomy 21 attend public or private schools with appropriate support.

Choice B reason: Teaching the parents about the need for a high-fibre diet is important for overall health but is not specific to Trisomy 21. While children with Trisomy 21 may benefit from a balanced diet, the need for monthly thyroid testing is more directly related to managing their condition.

Choice C reason: Instructing the parents on the need for yearly dental visits is essential for maintaining oral health, but it is not the most critical aspect specific to Trisomy 21. Regular dental check-ups are recommended for all children, regardless of whether they have Trisomy 21.

Choice D reason: Advising the parents that the child will need monthly thyroid testing is crucial because children with Trisomy 21 are at an increased risk for thyroid disorders. Regular monitoring of thyroid function is essential for early detection and management of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, which can significantly impact growth and development.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Requesting an enteral tube is not necessary unless the child is unable to eat orally at all. The goal is to support the child's ability to eat independently, if possible.

Choice B reason: Providing large, padded utensils can help a child with cerebral palsy improve their ability to eat independently. Adaptive utensils are designed to accommodate the motor challenges that children with cerebral palsy may face, making it easier for them to grasp and use the utensils.

Choice C reason: While having the parents feed the child can be a short-term solution, it does not promote independence. The focus should be on finding ways to support the child's ability to eat on their own.

Choice D reason: Referring the patient to a nutritionist can be helpful for overall dietary management, but it does not directly address the immediate issue of the child's difficulty with using regular utensils. Adaptive utensils are a more direct solution to this problem.

A. Pathologic jaundice appears within 24 hours after birth. B. Both are treated with exchange transfusions of maternal O-negative blood. C. Physiologic jaundice results in kernicterus. D. Physiologic jaundice requires transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Pathologic jaundice is an abnormal condition that typically appears within the first 24 hours of life. It often indicates an underlying health problem and requires prompt medical evaluation and intervention.

Choice B reason: Both pathologic and physiologic jaundice are not treated with exchange transfusions of maternal O-negative blood. Exchange transfusions are only considered in severe cases of jaundice, typically for pathologic jaundice when other treatments are ineffective.

Choice C reason: Physiologic jaundice is a common and usually harmless condition that occurs in many newborns, peaking around the second or third day of life. It does not result in kernicterus, a rare but severe form of brain damage caused by very high levels of bilirubin. Pathologic jaundice, if untreated, may lead to kernicterus.

Choice D reason: Physiologic jaundice generally does not require transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit. It is usually managed with simple interventions, such as phototherapy, and often resolves on its own as the newborn's liver matures and becomes more efficient at processing bilirubin.

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The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with Trisomy 21. Which topic will the nurse include in the teaching plan?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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