The nurse is using an experimental design to investigate this research question: What is the effect of antibacterial sutures versus standard sutures on the incidence of wound infection in a randomized sample of children 5 to 10 years of age? Which children should be excluded from participating in this study? (Select all that apply.).

Choice B rationale:

Before the study methodology is actually implemented. Rationale: Seeking approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) should occur before the study methodology is implemented. IRB approval is necessary to ensure that the study design and procedures meet ethical standards and protect the rights and well-being of research participants. It's a crucial step in the research process and should be obtained before data collection begins.

Choice A rationale:

During the time that the study assumptions are being described. Rationale: While it's important to describe study assumptions during the planning phase, seeking IRB approval is a more critical step that should precede actual data collection.

Choice C rationale:

Just before the findings are disseminated. Rationale: Waiting until just before findings are disseminated is too late to seek IRB approval. IRB approval should be obtained before data collection begins to ensure that the study is conducted ethically.

Choice D rationale:

As soon as a list of potential research problems is identified. Rationale: Seeking IRB approval at the stage of identifying research problems is premature. IRB approval is typically sought when the research design and methodology are well-defined and ready for implementation.

Choice A rationale:

This statement is appropriate for the results section of a research article because it presents a specific statistic (4.5% of men aged 20 and above) related to the research topic (anginal pain). It also includes the source (American Heart Association) and the year (2002), providing clear and concise information about the prevalence of anginal pain in a specific population.

Choice B rationale:

While the statement about screening for anginal pain in individuals over the age of 50 is related to the research topic, it seems more like a recommendation or discussion point rather than a specific result obtained from the study. Such recommendations are typically found in the discussion or conclusion sections of research articles.

Choice C rationale:

Mentioning the number of subjects who volunteered and signed informed consent documents (68 subjects) is important but belongs in the methods section of a research article, not the results section. The results section should focus on the findings and data obtained from the study.

Choice D rationale:

Providing the percentage of subjects who reported experiencing anginal pain (60.3%) is relevant to the research topic, but it lacks context, such as the sample size or any statistical analysis. This type of information is better suited for the results section when accompanied by appropriate details and statistical analysis.