The nurse is working on an infectious disease unit. Which client should be assigned to a room with negative airflow, while requiring personnel to use a particulate respirator mask, and requiring staff to observe airborne, as well as standard precautions?
A female adolescent admitted with multiple genital Herpes simplex II lesions.
Twin siblings admitted with scarlet fever that is complicated with pneumonia.
An older client with scabies who is admitted from an extended care facility.
A client with a positive Mantoux and sputum cultures results positive for acid-fast bacillus (AFB).
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale
A. Herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-II) primarily spreads through direct contact with the lesions and is not airborne. Airborne precautions and negative airflow rooms are not necessary for this condition.
B. Scarlet fever is caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria and typically spreads through respiratory droplets. However, scarlet fever itself does not require airborne precautions. If complicated with pneumonia, respiratory droplets could potentially spread the infection, but specific airborne precautions are generally not required unless there are other pathogens involved that require it.
C. Scabies is caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite and spreads through direct skin-to-skin contact. It does not require airborne precautions or negative airflow rooms.
D. A positive Mantoux test and sputum cultures positive for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) suggest tuberculosis (TB) infection. TB is spread through airborne droplets (e.g., coughing, sneezing), and therefore, requires airborne precautions including negative airflow rooms to prevent transmission to others.A
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
Potential condition: Opioid-induced constipation
Actions to take
Administer a stool softener: Opioids commonly cause constipation by slowing down bowel motility and increasing water absorption in the intestines. A stool softener can help by adding moisture to the stool, making it easier to pass.
Ask the client about their normal bowel routine: Understanding the client's typical bowel habits can provide insights into any deviations caused by the surgery or medication.
Parameters to monitor
Fluid intake: Monitoring the client's fluid intake is crucial as adequate hydration helps maintain bowel function and prevents constipation.
Serum potassium level: Constipation, especially if severe or prolonged, can lead to electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which can have serious health implications.
Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[389.5,439.5],\"yRanges\":[222,272]}"
Explanation
Site- the nose
Rationale
Rhinorrhea refers specifically to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. This occurs when there is a leakage of CSF from the nose due to a fracture or injury to the skull base or surrounding structures, such as the cribriform plate.
CSF is a clear fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord. When there is a fracture or disruption in the skull base, CSF can leak out through the nasal passages. This condition is concerning because it can increase the risk of infection, such as meningitis, due to the direct communication between the central nervous system and the external environment through the nasal cavity.
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