The nurse-researcher wants to evaluate the effectiveness of guided imagery in reducing stress prior to starting an IV. In the research proposal, several studies are reported in the review of the literature section about the use of biofeedback to reduce anxiety prior to invasive procedures.
Which significance level and sample size provide the greatest support for the findings reported?
p<.031; 54 subjects.
p<.01; 15 subjects.
p<.001; 73 subjects.
p=.301; 24 subjects.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
A significance level of p<.031 is relatively lenient and might result in a higher chance of obtaining statistically significant results by chance. A sample size of 54 subjects is moderate but may not provide the greatest support for the findings.
Choice B rationale:
A significance level of p<.01 is still relatively lenient, and a sample size of 15 subjects is relatively small. While p<.01 is more stringent than p<.031, it does not provide as strong statistical support as the options with lower p-values.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. A significance level of p<.001 is highly stringent and indicates a very low probability of obtaining the observed results by chance. A sample size of 73 subjects is relatively large, which enhances the reliability of the findings. This combination provides the greatest statistical support for the reported findings.
Choice D rationale:
A significance level of p=.301 is not stringent at all and would likely result in non-significant findings even with a small sample size of 24 subjects. This choice does not provide strong statistical support for the reported findings.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
7-year-olds with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) should not necessarily be excluded from participating in the study solely based on their ADHD diagnosis. Exclusion criteria should be related to factors that could significantly confound the study's results or pose additional risks to the participants.
Choice B rationale:
5 to 10-year-olds who are type 1 diabetics should not be automatically excluded from the study, as their diabetic status is not directly related to the study's research question about the effect of antibacterial sutures on wound infection.
Choice C rationale:
10-year-olds with dyslexia should not be excluded from the study unless dyslexia is directly related to the outcomes being measured (e.g., cognitive function) or if it poses a risk to the participant's ability to understand and comply with study requirements.
Choice D rationale:
First graders at a public school who are recent immigrants should not be automatically excluded from the study based solely on their immigrant status or grade level. Exclusion criteria should be based on factors relevant to the study's research question and potential risks.
Choice E rationale:
5 to 10-year-olds with leukemia should be excluded from the study, as they have a medical condition (leukemia) that directly affects the outcome being studied (wound infection). Their compromised immune systems could significantly confound the results.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Evaluate sleep quality and depression of all pregnant women. Rationale: While it's important to assess the sleep quality and mental health of pregnant women, implementing this intervention for all pregnant women based solely on the study findings may not be efficient or necessary. It's more appropriate to target interventions to those at higher risk, such as those showing signs of poor sleep quality, stress, or depression.
Choice B rationale:
Replicate the study using the clinic's population. Rationale: Replicating the study may not be necessary if the clinic's population and context are similar to those of the study that was conducted. Implementing an intervention based on the existing evidence is a more practical approach.
Choice C rationale:
Develop a counseling program for depressed pregnant women. Rationale: This intervention is aligned with the study findings, which indicated that sleep quality of pregnant women was related to stress and depression. Targeting counseling for depressed pregnant women is a focused and evidence-based approach.
Choice D rationale:
Screen all women for poor sleep quality. Rationale: While screening for poor sleep quality is important, implementing it for all women, including those who are not pregnant, may not be relevant or efficient.
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