What does P <.05 mean?
There is a 1-in-5 chance of the result occurring again by chance alone.
The result is not significant for most nursing research, which requires more rigor.
The researcher is 95% confident that the result did not happen randomly.
Only 5 out of 100 nursing research studies would report this result as significant.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
P < .05 does not indicate a specific probability of the result occurring again by chance alone (e.g., 1-in-5 chance). Instead, it signifies that the result is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
Choice B rationale:
While nursing research often requires rigorous standards, P < .05 represents a common threshold for statistical significance in many research studies. It does not indicate that the result is not significant for nursing research.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. P < .05 means that the researcher is 95% confident that the result did not occur randomly. In other words, there is a 95% probability that the observed result is not due to chance but is related to the variables being studied.
Choice D rationale:
P < .05 does not imply that only 5 out of 100 nursing research studies would report this result as significant. It signifies a specific level of confidence in the result's significance, not its frequency in research studies.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This study is experimental because it involves the manipulation of an independent variable (participation in a specified 3-month strenuous exercise program) to assess its impact on a dependent variable (Hemoglobin A1c findings) in two groups (participants and non-participants).
Choice B rationale:
An exploratory study typically aims to explore a new topic or area and may involve surveys, interviews, or observations to generate hypotheses and ideas. It does not necessarily involve an experimental design.
Choice C rationale:
A correlational study examines the relationship between variables but does not involve experimental manipulation of an independent variable.
Choice D rationale:
A developmental study typically investigates changes or development over time, such as in child development, but does not necessarily involve experimental manipulation of variables.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is appropriate for the results section of a research article because it presents a specific statistic (4.5% of men aged 20 and above) related to the research topic (anginal pain). It also includes the source (American Heart Association) and the year (2002), providing clear and concise information about the prevalence of anginal pain in a specific population.
Choice B rationale:
While the statement about screening for anginal pain in individuals over the age of 50 is related to the research topic, it seems more like a recommendation or discussion point rather than a specific result obtained from the study. Such recommendations are typically found in the discussion or conclusion sections of research articles.
Choice C rationale:
Mentioning the number of subjects who volunteered and signed informed consent documents (68 subjects) is important but belongs in the methods section of a research article, not the results section. The results section should focus on the findings and data obtained from the study.
Choice D rationale:
Providing the percentage of subjects who reported experiencing anginal pain (60.3%) is relevant to the research topic, but it lacks context, such as the sample size or any statistical analysis. This type of information is better suited for the results section when accompanied by appropriate details and statistical analysis.
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