What does P <.05 mean?
There is a 1-in-5 chance of the result occurring again by chance alone.
The result is not significant for most nursing research, which requires more rigor.
The researcher is 95% confident that the result did not happen randomly.
Only 5 out of 100 nursing research studies would report this result as significant.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
P < .05 does not indicate a specific probability of the result occurring again by chance alone (e.g., 1-in-5 chance). Instead, it signifies that the result is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
Choice B rationale:
While nursing research often requires rigorous standards, P < .05 represents a common threshold for statistical significance in many research studies. It does not indicate that the result is not significant for nursing research.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. P < .05 means that the researcher is 95% confident that the result did not occur randomly. In other words, there is a 95% probability that the observed result is not due to chance but is related to the variables being studied.
Choice D rationale:
P < .05 does not imply that only 5 out of 100 nursing research studies would report this result as significant. It signifies a specific level of confidence in the result's significance, not its frequency in research studies.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hospital infection committee meeting minutes may provide some information but are unlikely to contain the most current and relevant research findings related to nosocomial infections.
Choice B rationale:
Articles describing findings from peer-reviewed research studies are the most valuable resource for obtaining current and relevant information on nosocomial infections. These studies are rigorously reviewed and provide evidence-based insights.
Choice C rationale:
Best practice recommendations from trusted professional webpages are helpful but may not always reflect the most current research evidence. They are often based on a combination of research findings and expert consensus.
Choice D rationale:
Medical/surgical nursing textbooks, while valuable for foundational knowledge, may not provide the most up-to-date information on nosocomial infections. Textbooks are typically updated less frequently than research articles.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A meta-analysis that concluded that bone density improved among individuals who took Vitamin D. Rationale: A meta-analysis provides the highest level of evidence among the options listed. It synthesizes data from multiple studies, often randomized controlled trials (RCTs), to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of an intervention. In this case, the meta-analysis concluded that bone density improved among individuals who took Vitamin D, suggesting strong evidence to support its use.
Choice B rationale:
A cross-sectional study that found a strong relationship between Vitamin D intake and bone density. Rationale: Cross-sectional studies can identify associations between variables but cannot establish causality. While this study found a strong relationship, it does not provide as strong evidence as a meta-analysis of RCTs.
Choice C rationale:
A cohort study that concluded low levels of Vitamin D were linked to decreased bone mineral density. Rationale: Cohort studies can provide valuable evidence, but they may have limitations, such as confounding variables. While this study suggested a link, it may not be as robust as a meta-analysis of RCTs.
Choice D rationale:
A time series design study that reported that those who took Vitamin D had improved bone density. Rationale: Time series designs can be useful for assessing changes over time, but they may have limitations in terms of establishing causality. Additionally, the strength of evidence from a single time series study may not be as high as that from a meta-analysis of multiple RCTs.
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