The nurse's teaching plan for a client taking lithium should include instructions to:

Maintain normal salt and fluid intake in the diet.

Drink twice the usual amount of fluids daily.

Avoid eating aged cheese, processed meats, and red wine.

Double the lithium dose if diarrhea or vomiting occurs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:
Maintaining normal salt and fluid intake is crucial for patients on lithium. Lithium can affect sodium levels in the body, and consistent sodium intake helps to keep lithium levels stable. Patients should be advised to drink adequate fluids to prevent dehydration but avoid excessive fluid intake, which could alter lithium levels and potentially lead to toxicity¹²³⁴.

Choice B Reason:
Drinking twice the usual amount of fluids daily is not recommended for patients on lithium unless directed by a healthcare provider. Excessive fluid intake can lead to changes in lithium levels and increase the risk of lithium toxicity. Patients should aim to consume a sufficient amount of fluids to stay hydrated, especially in situations that may lead to dehydration, such as during hot weather or illness.

Choice C Reason:
Avoiding aged cheese, processed meats, and red wine is generally advised for patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not lithium. These foods can contain high levels of tyramine, which can interact with MAOIs. However, there are no specific dietary restrictions for lithium regarding these foods. Patients should follow a balanced diet and consult with their healthcare provider for personalized dietary advice.

Choice D Reason:
Doubling the lithium dose if diarrhea or vomiting occurs is incorrect and potentially dangerous. If a patient experiences diarrhea or vomiting, it can affect lithium absorption and increase the risk of toxicity. Instead, patients should contact their healthcare provider for guidance. Adjustments to the medication regimen should only be made under medical supervision.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
A side-lying position with the head elevated may provide some comfort but is not the most effective position for reducing the work of breathing in emphysema patients. This position does not maximize lung expansion or aid in the optimal use of respiratory muscles.

Choice B Reason:
The Trendelenburg position, where the body is laid flat on the back with the feet higher than the head, is not recommended for emphysema patients as it can increase the pressure on the diaphragm, making breathing more difficult.

Choice C Reason:
Leaning over the bedside table, often referred to as the tripod position, is beneficial for emphysema patients. This position allows for the optimal use of respiratory muscles and helps to reduce the work of breathing by supporting the arms and allowing the shoulder girdle muscles to assist in the breathing process.

Choice D Reason:
Fowler's position, where the patient is seated with the legs either bent or straight out in front, may not be as effective as the tripod position for emphysema patients. While it does allow for better lung expansion than lying flat, it does not provide the same level of support for the respiratory muscles as leaning forward does.

A. Stop NSAIDs. B. Continue aspirin. C. Limit caffeine. D. Avoid alcohol. E. Eat large meals.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Stopping NSAIDs is crucial for clients with PUD because NSAIDs can cause injury to the lining of the stomach or intestine, making it more vulnerable to damage from stomach acid. This can lead to the development or exacerbation of ulcers.

Choice B Reason:

Continuing aspirin may not be advisable for clients with PUD, as aspirin is an NSAID and can contribute to the development of peptic ulcers by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, reducing the protective mucosal layer, and increasing susceptibility to injury.

Choice C Reason:

Limiting caffeine is recommended for clients with PUD. Caffeine stimulates gastric acid secretion, which can exacerbate ulcer symptoms and impede the healing process.

Choice D Reason:

Avoiding alcohol is advised for clients with PUD. While there is mixed evidence on alcohol directly causing stomach ulcers, heavy alcohol consumption is considered a risk factor for developing stomach ulcers and can worsen the symptoms of existing ulcers.

Choice E Reason:

Eating large meals is not recommended for clients with PUD. It is better to eat smaller, more frequent meals to avoid overfilling the stomach and increasing gastric pressure, which can exacerbate symptoms.

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The nurse's teaching plan for a client taking lithium should include instructions to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with emphysema states that it is uncomfortable to sit in a semi-Fowler's position. In order to best decrease the work of breathing, the nurse should assist the client to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for the client newly diagnosed with Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). The teaching should include instructions to: (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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The nurse's teaching plan for a client taking lithium should include instructions to: