The nursing instructor asks the student nurse to identify the intramuscular injection sites. The student correctly identifies the following sites: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Vastus lateralis

Ventrogluteal

Rectus lateralis

Dorsogluteal

Deltoid

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. This is located on the lateral side of the thigh. It is a commonly used site for infants, toddlers, and young children, as well as adults who require large-volume injections.

B. This site is located on the hip or gluteal region. It is considered one of the safest and least painful sites for intramuscular injections in adults. It is also used when the volume of medication is larger or when the dorsogluteal site is contraindicated.

E. This site is located on the upper arm, specifically the lateral aspect. It is commonly used for vaccines and medications that require smaller volumes in adults and older children.

C. There is no specific muscle called the "rectus lateralis." It seems to be a combination of the rectus femoris (a muscle in the quadriceps group of the thigh) and the vastus lateralis. However, neither "rectus lateralis" nor "rectus femoris" is commonly used as a distinct injection site in clinical practice.

D. This site is located on the buttocks. Historically, it was a commonly used site for intramuscular injections, but it has fallen out of favor due to the potential risk of injury to the sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Delirium is often reversible once the underlying cause is identified and treated (e.g., correcting electrolyte imbalances, managing infections, discontinuing medications contributing to delirium). With appropriate intervention, the mental status can improve, and the individual can return to their baseline cognitive function.

A. Dementia, on the other hand, is a chronic, progressive syndrome that primarily affects memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. It does not typically cause acute changes in consciousness.

B. Memory impairment is a hallmark feature of dementia, especially in the early stages. In contrast, delirium primarily affects attention, awareness, and cognition acutely, with memory impairment being variable and not a defining feature.

D. Delirium develops rapidly, often over hours to days, in response to an acute medical condition, medication change, or other factors. It is characterized by a fluctuating course and can resolve once the underlying cause is managed.

A. modifying the environment to compensate for changes in cognitive status B. using short. simple sentences when communicating with the client C. allowing the client to participate in performing ADLS to the best of their ability D. discouraging family members from visiting. E. giving the client choices with a wide variety of options.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Clients with dementia often experience cognitive decline, which can affect their ability to navigate their surroundings safely. Modifying the environment can include simplifying the layout, reducing clutter, using clear signage, and ensuring adequate lighting to enhance orientation and reduce confusion.

B. Communication difficulties are common in dementia. Using short, simple sentences helps clients better understand instructions and information. It reduces confusion and frustration, promoting effective communication and cooperation during care.

C. Maintaining independence and dignity is crucial for clients with dementia. Allowing them to participate in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) to the extent possible helps preserve their functional abilities, boosts their self-esteem, and promotes a sense of control over their environment.

E. Providing choices within a structured framework can empower clients with dementia. It allows them to maintain some control over their daily routine and decisions, thereby enhancing their sense of autonomy and reducing agitation or resistance to care.

D. This is not an appropriate intervention. Social interaction, including visits from family members, can have significant emotional and psychological benefits for clients with dementia. It can help reduce feelings of isolation, improve mood, and provide reassurance and familiarity.

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The nursing instructor asks the student nurse to identify the intramuscular injection sites. The student correctly identifies the following sites: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has cognitive changes. The nurse recognizes that which statement regarding dementia and delirium is true?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has dementia. Interventions used would include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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