The nurse reviews the list of medications that will be administered through a client's new gastrostomy tube. All medications were previously given PO.

Which medication order will the nurse question?

D. Congruent communication occurs when verbal and nonverbal messages are consistent with each other. In the scenario, the nurse's direct eye contact, pleasant expression, and verbal statement ("The colostomy looks good") appear to be aligned and supportive of each other. This demonstrates congruence in communication, where both verbal and nonverbal cues are reinforcing a positive message to the client.

A. Introductory communication typically refers to the initial phase of interaction where the nurse establishes rapport, introduces themselves, and sets the tone for the interaction. This does not directly apply to the nurse's actions described in the scenario of changing a client's colostomy bag.

B. Noncongruent communication occurs when there is a mismatch between verbal and nonverbal messages. In this scenario, the nurse makes direct eye contact, has a pleasant expression, and verbally reassures the client that "the colostomy looks good." If these nonverbal cues (eye contact, pleasant expression) are not aligned with the verbal message (reassuring statement), it would be noncongruent communication. However, based on the scenario, it seems the nurse's nonverbal cues (eye contact, pleasant expression) support the verbal message, so this option is less likely.

C. Nonverbal communication includes gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, body language, and tone of voice. In the scenario described, the nurse demonstrates nonverbal communication by making direct eye contact and having a pleasant expression while interacting with the client. Nonverbal communication is an important aspect of nursing care as it conveys empathy, reassurance, and attentiveness to the client's needs.

D. Processed foods, including canned soups, snacks, and pre-packaged meals, are major sources of dietary sodium. By avoiding processed foods, the client can significantly reduce their sodium intake and better adhere to a low-sodium diet.

A. While organic vegetables may be a healthy choice for other reasons (such as reducing pesticide exposure), canned vegetables, whether organic or not, often contain added sodium for preservation. Therefore, selecting canned vegetables, even if organic, may not align with the goal of reducing sodium intake.

B. This statement suggests an understanding of choosing lower-sodium options for sandwiches. Lean deli meats, such as turkey or chicken breast, typically contain less sodium compared to processed or cured meats like salami or bologna. Opting for lean deli meats supports the client's effort to reduce sodium intake as part of a low-sodium diet.

C. This statement indicates a misunderstanding of a low-sodium diet. Smoked meats, such as smoked ham or bacon, are often high in sodium due to the curing and smoking process. Including smoked meat products in the diet would likely increase sodium intake, which contradicts the goal of reducing sodium.