The perinatal nurse is caring for a woman in the immediate postbirth period. Assessment reveals that the woman is experiencing profuse bleeding. The most likely etiology for the bleeding is:

Retained placenta fragments.

Vaginal hematoma.

Uterine atony.

Uterine inversion.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Retained placental fragments lead to delayed, not immediate, postpartum hemorrhage as they prevent complete uterine contraction over time.

Choice B rationale

Vaginal hematomas cause concealed, localized bleeding with minimal external blood loss, differing from profuse hemorrhage presentations.

Choice C rationale

Uterine atony, the most common cause, occurs when the uterus fails to contract effectively, leading to uncontrolled and excessive bleeding.

Choice D rationale

Uterine inversion, though serious, is rare and typically accompanied by visible uterine prolapse, not commonly causing profuse bleeding in the immediate postbirth period.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Preterm neonates lack developed mechanisms to shiver for thermogenesis, relying instead on non-shivering thermogenesis primarily through brown fat metabolism, which is underdeveloped in preterm infants.

Choice B rationale

The fetal position does not significantly affect heat retention in preterm neonates, as their thermoregulatory mechanisms depend on adequate fat stores and skin coverage.

Choice C rationale

Blood vessels in preterm neonates are closer to the skin's surface, increasing heat loss due to greater exposure and lack of insulating subcutaneous fat.

Choice D rationale

Preterm neonates have minimal body fat, impeding insulation and heat retention, leading to rapid heat loss, necessitating external warming measures like incubators or radiant warmers.

A. Encourage the parents to join a support group for NICU families. B. Suggest that the parents limit their visits to avoid stress. C. Advise the parents to avoid attachment until the baby is discharged. D. Provide regular updates and include them in the baby’s care.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Support groups provide emotional connection, but they do not address immediate concerns like the parents' involvement in care, which is essential for fostering confidence and bonding with the baby.

Choice B rationale

Limiting visits could increase parental anxiety and hinder their emotional connection to their baby. Parental involvement in care improves attachment and reduces stress, making this suggestion counterproductive to emotional health.

Choice C rationale

Advising parents to avoid attachment disregards the importance of early bonding in the neonatal period, which plays a key role in long-term emotional and psychological development for both the child and the parents.

Choice D rationale

Regular updates and including parents in the baby’s care empower them, promoting attachment and reducing feelings of helplessness. Parent-infant interaction has been shown to enhance coping mechanisms and improve family dynamics.

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The perinatal nurse is caring for a woman in the immediate postbirth period. Assessment reveals that the woman is experiencing profuse bleeding. The most likely etiology for the bleeding is:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The parents of a 30-week preterm infant ask the nurse why the baby can get cold so easily. The nurse explains:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A family whose baby is in the NICU may suffer anxiety and loss due to not being able to take their baby home like other parents would. Which action by the nurse is most supportive?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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