The physician orders cefixime 200mg PO q6h. Each tsp contains 100mg. How many mL will be administered? (Please Show All Work on Provided scrap paper, enter numerical value only. Do not enter unit of measurement).

 

A. Hematocrit 46 %: This value falls within the normal physiological range for both adult males and females. Acetaminophen does not typically affect red blood cell volume or hemoglobin concentration. This lab result indicates normal oxygen-carrying capacity and hydration status rather than drug-induced toxicity or pathology.

B. Hemoglobin 14.6 g/dL: This result is well within the standard reference range and indicates no evidence of anemia or polycythemia. Chronic acetaminophen use is not associated with hematological suppression or gastrointestinal bleeding that would lower hemoglobin levels. It reflects a stable hematological profile for the client.

C. Elevated liver enzymes: Acetaminophen is primarily metabolized in the liver, where a small portion is converted into the toxic metabolite NAPQI. Chronic use or high doses can deplete glutathione stores, leading to hepatocyte necrosis. Elevated ALT and AST levels are the primary indicators of this drug-induced hepatic injury.

D. Elevated BUN and creatinine: These markers indicate renal function and are more typically associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen. While massive acetaminophen overdose can cause secondary renal failure, chronic therapeutic use specifically targets the liver. Hepatic enzymes are the specific monitoring priority.

A. constipation. Reduced physical activity and the supine position decrease gastrointestinal peristalsis and the effectiveness of abdominal muscles used during defecation. This leads to prolonged colonic transit time and increased water absorption from fecal matter, resulting in hardened stools. It is a classic gastrointestinal complication of restricted mobility.

B. urinary retention. Immobility leads to a loss of gravity-aided bladder emptying and decreased detrusor muscle tone. The resulting urinary stasis increases the risk for both bladder distention and ascending infections due to incomplete voiding. This physiological alteration is common when clients are confined to a horizontal position.

C. disuse osteoporosis. The lack of weight-bearing stress on the skeletal system shifts the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity. Accelerated bone resorption leads to the leaching of calcium into the bloodstream, weakening the structural integrity of the trabecular bone. This metabolic change increases the risk for skeletal fragility.

D. hypostatic pneumonia. Prolonged recumbency results in the pooling of bronchial secretions in the dependent lobes of the lungs. Decreased chest expansion and diminished cough reflex prevent the effective clearance of these fluids, creating a medium for bacterial growth. This respiratory alteration significantly increases the risk of infection in immobile patients.

E. orthostatic hypotension. Immobility causes a reduction in the sensitivity of baroreceptors and a decrease in the efficiency of the skeletal muscle pump. When moving to an upright position, the cardiovascular system fails to constrict peripheral vessels adequately, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure. This neurovascular maladaptation is a hallmark of prolonged bed rest.

F. a decrease in cardiac output and stroke volume. Prolonged bed rest leads to a reduction in total circulating blood volume and a subsequent decrease in venous return. The heart muscle may undergo slight atrophy, resulting in less forceful contractions and reduced volume ejected per beat. This cardiovascular decline limits the client's tolerance for physical exertion.