The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a school-age child whose parent reports concern about the child's weight and obesity status.
Which historical finding should the PN recognize as potentially contributing to early obesity?
Consumption of whole milk as a toddler.
Dedicated breastfeeding for 6 months.
Exclusive soy-based formula for the first year of life.
Introduction of fortified cereal before 4 months of age.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Consumption of whole milk as a toddler is generally appropriate for growth and development, providing essential fats and nutrients. Unless consumed in excessive quantities or as part of an overall diet high in calories without sufficient physical activity, it is not typically identified as a primary singular contributor to early obesity.
Choice B rationale
Dedicated breastfeeding for 6 months is protective against childhood obesity. Breast milk provides optimal nutrition and growth-promoting factors, and breastfeeding is associated with better self-regulation of caloric intake by infants, potentially reducing the risk of later obesity compared to formula feeding.
Choice C rationale
Exclusive soy-based formula for the first year, while an alternative for specific dietary needs, does not inherently contribute to early obesity more than other formulas. The caloric density and nutritional composition of standard infant formulas are regulated and designed to support healthy growth, making it unlikely to be a primary cause of obesity.
Choice D rationale
Introducing solid foods, such as fortified cereal, before 4 months of age is associated with an increased risk of obesity. Infants lack the necessary gastrointestinal and renal maturity to process solids effectively before this age, and early introduction can lead to excessive caloric intake, disruption of feeding cues, and altered gut microbiome development, predisposing to weight gain.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pink-tinged urine can be a symptom of various conditions, including kidney issues or urinary tract infections. While individuals with sickle cell crisis can experience kidney complications, pink-tinged urine is not a universal or primary manifestation of a vaso-occlusive crisis. The immediate priority is pain management and infection prevention.
Choice B rationale
Palpitations, an awareness of one's own heartbeat, can be a symptom of various cardiac issues or a physiological response to stress or pain. While the heart rate is elevated (140 bpm, normal for a toddler is 90-140 bpm), this is likely secondary to the severe pain the child is experiencing and not the primary problem to be addressed.
Choice C rationale
Acute pain is a hallmark and often excruciating symptom of a sickle cell crisis, resulting from vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia. The toddler's crying, restlessness, and aversion to touch strongly indicate severe pain, making it an immediate priority for intervention to alleviate suffering and prevent further complications.
Choice D rationale
Risk for infection is a significant concern in sickle cell disease due to functional asplenia, which compromises the immune system's ability to fight encapsulated bacteria. Despite the normal oxygen saturation, the elevated temperature (102°F or 38.8°C) in a child with sickle cell disease warrants immediate attention due to the high risk of severe infection.
Correct Answer is ["0.7"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Convert pounds to kilograms. 58 pounds ÷ 2.2 pounds/kg = 26.36 kg.
Step 2 is: Calculate the total milligrams per dose. 1 mg/kg × 26.36 kg = 26.36 mg.
Step 3 is: Calculate the volume to administer per dose. 26.36 mg ÷ (40 mg/mL) = 0.659 mL.
Step 4 is: Round to the nearest tenth. 0.7 mL.
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