The practical nurse (PN) is preparing a client for a mammogram. Which instruction should the PN provide the client?

Choice A reason: Coughing over the catheter site while cleansing the skin introduces a risk of infection. The client needs to be educated about the importance of maintaining a sterile environment to avoid contamination and infection. This behavior indicates a lack of understanding of infection control practices, which are crucial in peritoneal dialysis self-care.
Choice B reason: Wearing one sterile glove while cleansing the insertion site may seem insufficient, but it is not as immediately critical as coughing over the site. The client should be reminded of the importance of using sterile techniques, but this behavior does not pose as immediate a risk as choice A.
Choice C reason: Washing hands before opening the 4 by 4 dressing packet demonstrates good hygiene practices. This behavior indicates that the client understands the importance of hand hygiene in preventing infection, and does not require additional teaching.
Choice D reason: Pouring antiseptic solution and sterile water on sterile dressings is an appropriate practice. This behavior shows that the client is following the necessary steps to maintain a sterile environment and does not need additional teaching.

Choice A reason: Water-based lubricant is essential during a Pap test to ensure the patient's comfort and ease the insertion of the speculum. It is non-irritating and does not interfere with the collection of the cervical sample, which is crucial for accurate test results.
Choice B reason: A specimen bottle is required to store and transport the collected cervical cells to the laboratory for analysis. It ensures that the sample is properly preserved and can be accurately analyzed for any abnormalities, such as precancerous or cancerous cells.
Choice C reason: A microscopic slide and spray cell fixative are necessary for preparing the collected cervical cells for microscopic examination. The fixative helps preserve the cells on the slide, preventing them from drying out or becoming damaged, which is important for accurate analysis.
Choice D reason: A disposable vaginal speculum is used to gently open the vaginal walls, providing the healthcare provider with a clear view of the cervix. This allows for the proper collection of cervical cells during the Pap test, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
Choice E reason: A cytobrush or plastic spatula cervical sampling device is used to collect the cervical cells from the transformation zone of the cervix. These devices are designed to gather an adequate and representative sample, which is essential for the accurate detection of any cellular abnormalities.