The purpose of surfactant is to?
Provide a heat source for the newborn.
Assist the alveoli to remain open.
Assist the ductus arteriosus to remain open.
Provide energy to the newborn.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Providing a heat source for the newborn is not the purpose of surfactant. Surfactant is a substance produced in the lungs to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse during expiration. It helps with the exchange of gases, but it does not generate heat.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Surfactant plays a crucial role in assisting the alveoli to remain open by reducing surface tension. This, in turn, allows for proper gas exchange, especially of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Choice C rationale:
Assisting the ductus arteriosus to remain open is not the purpose of surfactant. The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the lungs. After birth, it should close on its own, and surfactant does not influence this process.
Choice D rationale:
Providing energy to the newborn is not the purpose of surfactant. Energy for the newborn comes from nutrition, particularly breast milk or formula, and not from surfactant
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Pseudomenstration is a normal finding in newborn females due to the withdrawal of maternal hormones. It is not a cause for concern and typically resolves within a few days after birth.
Choice B rationale:
Positive Ortolan's test is a concerning finding in a newborn and indicates the possibility of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). This test is used to check for hip instability, and a positive result may warrant further evaluation and intervention to prevent long-term hip problems.
Choice C rationale:
Dermal melanosis, also known as Mongolian spots, is a common benign condition in newborns with dark skin. It appears as blue or gray patches and typically fades within the first few years of life. While it may be alarming to parents, it is not a cause for immediate concern.
Choice D rationale:
Gynecomastia, the enlargement of breast tissue in male infants, is relatively common and is caused by the transfer of maternal hormones during pregnancy. It usually resolves on its own within a few weeks and does not pose a significant health risk.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should not report the client's Hemoglobin level first to the primary health care because it falls within the normal range of 14 to 24 g/dL for a newborn. Therefore, it is not an immediate concern.
Choice B rationale:
The nurse should first report the client's Chest x-ray results to the primary health care. The diffuse pattern of radiopaque areas bilaterally on the chest x-ray suggests possible respiratory distress or other respiratory issues in the newborn. This finding requires immediate attention and intervention to ensure proper respiratory function.
Choice C rationale:
The nurse should not report the client's Glucose level first to the primary health care as 40 mg/dL is within the normal range of 30 to 60 mg/dL for a newborn. Though it is on the lower side, it is not critically low, and there are more urgent concerns to address.
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