The smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree is:
Capillary
The bronchiole
Arteriole
The alveoli
The Correct Answer is B
A. Capillaries are small blood vessels that are involved in the exchange of gases but are not part of the bronchial tree.
B. The bronchiole is the smallest division of the bronchial tree. It is a narrow airway that connects the larger bronchi to the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
C. Arterioles are small blood vessels that are part of the circulatory system, not the respiratory system.
D. The alveoli are the small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange occurs, but they are not the smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree—this is the bronchiole itself.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Active transport requires energy and is used to move substances against their concentration gradient. Oxygen moves along its concentration gradient, so active transport is not involved.
B. Diffusion is the correct mechanism. Oxygen moves from an area of higher concentration in the alveoli to a lower concentration in the pulmonary capillaries through the alveolar-capillary membrane. This passive process does not require energy.
C. Endocytosis is a process cells use to engulf large particles or substances, not how gases like oxygen are transported.
D. Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis specifically for fluid uptake and is not involved in the respiratory gas exchange process
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The external exchange of gases refers to the process of oxygen diffusing from the alveoli into the blood and carbon dioxide diffusing from the blood into the alveoli in the lungs. This occurs during pulmonary ventilation.
B. Pulmonary ventilation involves the movement of air in and out of the lungs (breathing), not the exchange of gases.
C. The internal exchange of gases refers to the diffusion of oxygen from the blood to the tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the blood. This happens at the cellular level throughout the body.
D. This answer is incorrect because internal exchange of gases is the correct phase for oxygen to diffuse out of the blood.
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