The student nurse is preparing a presentation on parasitic skin infestations. What should the student include in the presentation?

Choice A reason: Fat embolism is not a likely complication of a leg cast, but a possible complication of a long bone fracture or a joint replacement surgery. It refers to the obstruction of the blood vessels by fat globules that are released from the bone marrow or adipose tissue. It can cause respiratory distress, neurological impairment, or skin petechiae.

Choice B reason: Subcutaneous emphysema is not a common complication of a leg cast, but a rare complication of a chest trauma or a lung disease. It refers to the presence of air or gas in the subcutaneous tissue, which can cause swelling, crepitus, or pain in the affected area.

Choice C reason: Disuse syndrome is not an acute complication of a leg cast, but a chronic complication of prolonged immobility or inactivity. It refers to the deterioration of the body systems due to the lack of physical stimulation. It can cause muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, osteoporosis, or metabolic changes.

Choice D reason: Compartment syndrome is the most likely complication of a leg cast, as it indicates the increased pressure within the muscle compartments of the leg due to the swelling, bleeding, or inflammation. It can cause severe pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, or pulselessness of the affected limb. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt intervention to prevent tissue necrosis or limb loss.

Choice E reason: None of the above is not a correct choice, as there is one option that matches the complication of a leg cast.

Choice A reason: Diet is not a priority assessment for a client with osteoarthritis, as it is not a direct cause or consequence of the condition. However, diet may play a role in the management of osteoarthritis, as it can affect the body weight, inflammation, and nutrition of the client.

Choice B reason: Skin surrounding the affected joint is not a priority assessment for a client with osteoarthritis, as it is not a common or serious complication of the condition. However, skin may be affected by the use of heat or cold therapy, topical medications, or joint braces, which may cause irritation, dryness, or infection.

Choice C reason: Pain is a priority assessment for a client with osteoarthritis, as it is the main symptom and the most distressing aspect of the condition. Pain can affect the client's quality of life, mobility, function, and mood. The nurse should assess the location, intensity, frequency, duration, and aggravating or relieving factors of the pain, and provide appropriate interventions to relieve the pain.

Choice D reason: Capillary refill of affected extremity is not a priority assessment for a client with osteoarthritis, as it is not a typical or significant finding of the condition. However, capillary refill may be affected by the circulation, temperature, or hydration of the client, which may influence the healing and recovery of the joint.

Choice E reason: Range of motion of affected joint is not a priority assessment for a client with osteoarthritis, but an important assessment to evaluate the function and mobility of the joint. Osteoarthritis can cause stiffness, swelling, and deformity of the joint, which can limit the range of motion and impair the activities of daily living. The nurse should assess the active and passive range of motion of the joint, and encourage the client to perform regular exercises to maintain the joint health.