Using the given diagram, match each letter with the correct graph.
Note: Each category must have at least 1 response option selected.
Late decelerations
Uterine Contractions
Variable decelerations
Early decelerations
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"D"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}
Rationale
A: Early Decelerations: This blue line shows the FHR mirroring the contraction (D). The deceleration begins and ends at the same time as the contraction (nadir of the deceleration aligns with the peak of the contraction). This pattern is usually considered benign and is caused by fetal head compression.
B: Late Decelerations: This purple line shows the FHR drop after the contraction has peaked (delayed onset). The FHR returns to baseline after the contraction is over. This pattern is typically considered non-reassuring and is associated with uteroplacental insufficiency (decreased blood flow/oxygen to the fetus).
C: Variable Decelerations: This green line shows an abrupt drop in FHR that varies in shape, duration, and depth, often looking like V, W, or U shapes. Crucially, they do not consistently relate to the timing of the contractions (they are variable in their timing). These are typically caused by umbilical cord compression.
D: Uterine Contractions: This red line represents the pressure/strength of the contractions (measured in mmHg or relative units). It shows the peaks and troughs of the uterine muscle tightening.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Displaced to the left is incorrect because a postpartum uterus that is displaced laterally, usually to the right or left, often indicates a full bladder. A displaced uterus cannot contract effectively, increasing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, so this is an abnormal finding.
B. Above the umbilicus is incorrect because immediately after delivery, the uterus may be at or slightly above the umbilicus, but by 24 hours postpartum, it typically descends about 1 cm per day. A uterus significantly above the umbilicus 4–6 hours after birth is usually still within normal limits, but persistent elevation without involution may indicate uterine atony or retained placenta.
C. Soft and boggy located midway between the symphysis pubis and the umbilicus is incorrect because a boggy uterus (uterine atony) is abnormal. It indicates the uterus is not contracting effectively, which can lead to excessive bleeding and requires immediate intervention such as fundal massage.
D. Firm and midline is correct because a firm, midline uterus at or just below the umbilicus is the expected normal finding in the immediate postpartum period. A firm uterus indicates adequate uterine contraction and reduces the risk of hemorrhage. The nurse should continue to monitor for involution and signs of bleeding.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Absent bowel sounds is incorrect because bowel sounds are typically present and hyperactive in newborns with pyloric stenosis due to obstruction. Absent bowel sounds suggest paralytic ileus or peritonitis, which are not characteristic of pyloric stenosis.
B. Increased sodium levels is incorrect because infants with pyloric stenosis often develop hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis due to vomiting of gastric contents, leading to low chloride and sodium, not increased levels.
C. Golf ball-sized mass over the left quadrant is incorrect because the palpable mass associated with pyloric stenosis is typically located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. This mass is often described as an "olive-shaped" mass representing the hypertrophied pylorus.
D. Projectile vomiting after feedings is correct because this is the classic clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis. The vomiting is non-bilious and forceful due to the narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, which prevents gastric emptying. Infants may appear hungry after vomiting and may experience weight loss, dehydration, and signs of malnutrition if the condition is untreated.
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