What are some legal and ethical issues that hospitals face? Select all that apply.

Rationale:

A. Church-owned hospital that serves a unique spiritual purpose: While some private nonprofit hospitals may be affiliated with religious organizations, not all of them are church-owned.

B. Nongovernment and privately owned: Private nonprofit hospitals are typically nongovernmental institutions that are owned and operated by private organizations, such as community groups, foundations, or healthcare systems. They are organized as nonprofit entities and reinvest any profits back into the hospital's operations and community services.

C. Often located in large urban areas: Private nonprofit hospitals can be found in both urban and rural areas and are not specifically defined by their location.

D. Offer a substantial amount of charity care: While many private nonprofit hospitals provide charity care and community benefit programs, this characteristic alone does not define them as private nonprofit hospitals.

Rationale:

A. Chronic disease prevention and management: While chronic diseases can contribute to healthcare costs, they are not directly related to waste and abuse within the healthcare system.

B. Fraud: Fraudulent activities, such as billing for services not provided or submitting false

claims, contribute to waste and abuse in the healthcare system, leading to higher costs for payers and consumers.

C. Unequal access to health care: Unequal access to healthcare may lead to disparities in health outcomes and healthcare utilization but is not necessarily a direct cause of waste and abuse.

D. Competitive approaches: Competitive approaches may influence healthcare delivery models and pricing strategies but are not directly related to waste and abuse contributing to rising

healthcare costs.