Waste and abuse is a reason for rising healthcare costs. Which of the following is a contributory factor?

A. Concurrent: Concurrent utilization review involves the ongoing monitoring of a patient's care and recovery while they are still receiving treatment. This type of review focuses on ensuring that the care provided is appropriate and that the patient is progressing as expected.

B. Preauthorization: Preauthorization involves obtaining approval from a health insurer before a service is provided to ensure it will be covered. It does not focus on monitoring a patient's recovery.

C. Retrospective: Retrospective review involves evaluating the care provided to a patient after the treatment has been completed. It looks at the appropriateness of care but does not monitor ongoing recovery.

D. Prospective: Prospective review involves evaluating the necessity of a treatment before it begins. It does not include ongoing monitoring of a patient's prognosis for recovery.

Rationale:

A. Church-owned hospital that serves a unique spiritual purpose: While some private nonprofit hospitals may be affiliated with religious organizations, not all of them are church-owned.

B. Nongovernment and privately owned: Private nonprofit hospitals are typically nongovernmental institutions that are owned and operated by private organizations, such as community groups, foundations, or healthcare systems. They are organized as nonprofit entities and reinvest any profits back into the hospital's operations and community services.

C. Often located in large urban areas: Private nonprofit hospitals can be found in both urban and rural areas and are not specifically defined by their location.

D. Offer a substantial amount of charity care: While many private nonprofit hospitals provide charity care and community benefit programs, this characteristic alone does not define them as private nonprofit hospitals.