What are some of the signs of Parkinson's disease?

Tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia/akinesia, postural instability

Dysphagia

Psychiatric changes: depression, anxiety, dementia, delirium, hallucinations

All of the above

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A: Tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia/akinesia, postural instability are correct because they are the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. They are caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain that control movement. Tremors are involuntary shaking of the limbs or other body parts. Rigidity is stiﬀness or resistance to movement. Bradykinesia/akinesia is slowness or absence of movement. Postural instability is impaired balance or coordination.

Choice B: Dysphagia is correct because it is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease. It is difficulty swallowing food or liquids. It can result from the impairment of the muscles involved in swallowing or from the reduced production of saliva. Dysphagia can cause malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration, or choking.

Choice C: Psychiatric changes: depression, anxiety, dementia, delirium, hallucinations are correct because they are also common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. They can result from the changes in the brain chemistry or structure, the side eﬀects of medications, or the emotional impact of living with a chronic condition. Depression is a persistent feeling of sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest. Anxiety is a feeling of nervousness, worry, or fear.

Dementia is a decline in cognitive functions such as memory, atention, or reasoning. Delirium is a sudden state of confusion, disorientation, or agitation. Hallucinations are false perceptions of things that are not there.

Choice D: All of the above are correct because they are possible signs of Parkinson's disease. However, not all patients experience all of these symptoms or to the same degree. The symptoms may vary depending on the stage and progression of the disease, the individual characteristics of the patient, and the treatment options available.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Leukopenia: Chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin can cause myelosuppression, leading to a significant decrease in white blood cells (leukopenia). This makes the client more susceptible to infections and is a common and serious adverse effect that the nurse should monitor closely.

B. Metabolic acidosis: This condition is less commonly associated with chemotherapy agents like paclitaxel and carboplatin. It usually results from conditions like renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, or severe diarrhea rather than chemotherapy.

C. Hyperphosphatemia: This electrolyte imbalance is not a typical adverse effect of paclitaxel and carboplatin. It is more commonly associated with conditions like chronic kidney disease or excessive phosphate intake.

D. Respiratory alkalosis: This condition is typically caused by hyperventilation and is not a known direct adverse effect of paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor for more common side effects related to chemotherapy, such as leukopenia.

A. Some sexually transmitted diseases can be transmitted to newborns. B. Every client should be tested for sexually transmitted infections. C. Many people are asymptomatic and show no symptoms of the disease. D. Sexually transmitted infections are common in all people.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

All the options are important for the nurse to include in their community teaching, but the most important key point for the nurse to emphasize would be option C: many people are asymptomatic and show no symptoms of the disease. This is important because individuals who have sexually transmitted infections but are asymptomatic may unknowingly spread the infection to others, including their sexual partners. It is essential for individuals to understand that they may have an infection even if they feel perfectly healthy, and to get tested regularly to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted infections.

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What are some of the signs of Parkinson's disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with ovarian cancer. The client is to receive chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and carboplatin. For What adverse eﬀect of this treatment should the nurse look out for?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is providing community teaching on sexually transmitted infections, which key point most important the nurse to emphasize?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing a presentation about contraception for a young adult group. Which of the following is the most recommended?

The nurse is teaching a client about the treatment of gonorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates

The nurse is caring for a client who has just had a radical mastectomy and axillary node dissection. When providing teaching to the client, which is the most appropriate?

The nurse is caring for a client with cervical cancer who is receiving active brachytherapy. Which statement by the client indicates the client understands the precautions and potential complications associated with active brachytherapy

The nurse is teaching methods of contraception with a young client. The client decides on the contraceptive sponge as her method of choice Which information should the Nurse include in the teaching?

A client has been diagnosed with endometriosis. When planning this clients care, the nurse should prioritize what nursing diagnosis?

The nurse is planning an educational activity about cancer, which term describes a procedure in which cervical tissue removed because abnormal cells are detected?

The nurse is performing a comprehensive health history of a client who is in their 50s. The nurse should identify what risk factor that increases risk of complications?