What are the expected assessment findings in a patient with central diabetes insipidus?

Weight loss, polydipsia, polyuria, extreme hunger

Irritability, lack of appetite, and vomiting

Fatigue, depression, sensitivity to cold

Extreme thirst, nocturia, and polyuria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: While polydipsia and polyuria are consistent with central diabetes insipidus, extreme hunger and weight loss are more characteristic of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Hunger is not a hallmark symptom of diabetes insipidus.

Choice B reason: Irritability, lack of appetite, and vomiting may be seen in various pediatric or metabolic conditions but are not typical features of central diabetes insipidus, which primarily affects fluid balance.

Choice C reason: Fatigue, depression, and sensitivity to cold are symptoms more consistent with hypothyroidism or other endocrine disorders involving decreased metabolic rate. They do not reflect the hallmark features of diabetes insipidus.

Choice D reason: Central diabetes insipidus is characterized by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive urination (polyuria), excessive thirst (polydipsia), and frequent nighttime urination (nocturia). These symptoms result from the kidneys' inability to concentrate urine, making this the most accurate choice.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Advanced sleep phase type is characterized by falling asleep and waking up earlier than desired. Individuals with this disorder tend to feel sleepy in the early evening and wake up very early in the morning, which is the opposite of the scenario described.

Choice B reason: Irregular sleep-wake type involves a lack of a clearly defined sleep-wake cycle. People with this disorder have fragmented sleep patterns with multiple naps throughout the 24-hour period, not a consistent delay in sleep and wake times.

Choice C reason: Delayed sleep phase type is defined by a consistent pattern of falling asleep and waking up later than desired. This disorder is common in adolescents and young adults and matches the client’s report of delayed sleep onset and waking.

Choice D reason: Non-24 sleep-wake type is typically seen in individuals who are blind and lack light perception. Their circadian rhythm does not align with the 24-hour day, leading to progressively shifting sleep times. This does not match the client’s stable but delayed sleep pattern.

A. Recommend hematology consultation B. Continue treatment C. Interrupt treatment for suspected clozapine-induced neutropenia D. Suspend treatment

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: While a hematology consultation may be appropriate in severe or persistent cases, the immediate action required at an ANC of 1,100/μL is to interrupt clozapine therapy due to the risk of agranulocytosis. This value falls below the threshold for safe continuation.

Choice B reason: Continuing treatment at an ANC of 1,100/μL is contraindicated. Clozapine carries a risk of severe neutropenia, and guidelines recommend interruption of therapy when ANC drops below 1,500/μL, with more urgent action below 1,000/μL.

Choice C reason: Interrupting treatment is the correct action. An ANC of 1,100/μL indicates moderate neutropenia, and clozapine should be paused to prevent progression to agranulocytosis. Monitoring and potential re-initiation may follow depending on recovery.

Choice D reason: Suspending treatment implies a more permanent cessation. While this may be necessary if neutropenia worsens or recurs, the initial step at this ANC level is interruption, not full suspension.

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What are the expected assessment findings in a patient with central diabetes insipidus?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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What are the expected assessment findings in a patient with central diabetes insipidus?

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