What factors in the history of a client with schizoaffective disorders puts the client at higher risk for type 2 diabetes? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

weight gain of 40 lbs. (18 kg) over the past 2 months

currently prescribed aripiprazole, a second-generation antipsychotic agent

sits & plays video games for 10-14 hours per day

frequently eats salads with grilled chicken

random blood glucose was 218 mg/dL with labs drawn 1 month ago

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A.   While rapid weight gain is a concern, it's important to consider the underlying cause. If the weight gain is medication-related (as in option B), it's a significant risk factor. However, if it's due to other factors like increased appetite or decreased activity, it might not be as directly linked to diabetes risk.
B.   Many antipsychotic medications, including aripiprazole, have been linked to metabolic side effects like weight gain, increased blood glucose levels, and dyslipidemia. These metabolic changes can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
C.   A sedentary lifestyle is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Reduced physical activity can lead to insulin resistance, a condition where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin.
D.   A diet rich in vegetables and lean protein is generally healthy and can help prevent chronic diseases. This option does not directly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
E.   A random blood glucose level above 200 mg/dL is indicative of diabetes. This is a clear marker of impaired glucose metabolism and a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Lethargy can occur in DKA due to the effects of hyperglycemia, acidosis, and dehydration. Even if the client is oriented, confusion about the reason for care suggests an altered mental state, which can be common in DKA.
B. This ABG indicates alkalosis (pH > 7.45), which is not typical for DKA. In DKA, we would expect a lower pH (acidosis). This set of values does not align with the expected clinical picture of DKA.
C. This ABG shows a pH of 7.31, indicating acidosis. The low HCO3 (17) supports metabolic acidosis, which is characteristic of DKA. This finding is consistent with the expected laboratory results in a patient experiencing DKA.
D. A heart rate of 52 (bradycardia) is not a common finding in DKA. In fact, tachycardia (elevated heart rate) is typically observed due to dehydration and compensatory mechanisms. Bradycardia would not be expected in this context.
E. A respiratory rate of 31, particularly if deep (known as Kussmaul respirations), is a classic sign of metabolic acidosis, including DKA. Kussmaul respirations are the body’s attempt to compensate for acidosis by increasing carbon dioxide elimination.

A. Continue walking to the point of pain B. Do not walk if a leg ulcer develops C. Elevate the feet for 30 minutes after walking D. Avoid exercise that places the feet in a dependent position

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Clients with PAD often experience claudication (pain in the legs due to inadequate blood flow) during exercise. They should be encouraged to walk to the point of pain, then rest until the pain subsides, and then continue walking. This approach can improve circulation over time.
B. While it’s crucial to monitor leg ulcers, exercise can still be beneficial unless advised otherwise by a healthcare provider. Walking can promote circulation, which is important for healing. However, if a leg ulcer is present, the client should consult their healthcare provider about appropriate activity levels.
C. While elevating the feet can help reduce swelling, it's generally more beneficial for clients with PAD to keep their legs in a dependent position after walking. This position encourages blood flow to the legs, which can help alleviate symptoms and improve circulation.
D. Exercise that encourages movement and maintains blood flow to the legs is important for those with PAD. While certain positions may exacerbate symptoms, exercises like walking should be encouraged. Keeping the feet in a dependent position can help with blood flow post-exercise.

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What factors in the history of a client with schizoaffective disorders puts the client at higher risk for type 2 diabetes? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What clinical manifestation(s) should the nurse expect in a client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and ketoacidosis? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a client who is diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease about the benefits of walking to exercise. What information should the nurse reinforce with this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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